{"id":2129,"date":"2012-11-19T04:52:08","date_gmt":"2012-11-18T21:52:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/?p=2129"},"modified":"2012-11-19T19:48:51","modified_gmt":"2012-11-19T12:48:51","slug":"chuong-ba-thien-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/?p=2129","title":{"rendered":"Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Ba: Thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh t\u1eeb. V\u00e0 t\u1eeb ng\u1eef th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qua nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau, b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y nghe qua c\u00f3 v\u1ebb r\u1ea5t t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1eady. Bao gi\u1edd ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y, b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e0o luy\u1ec7n t\u00e2m linh, m\u00e0 h\u1ecd g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n (meditation). T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a thi\u1ec1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n th\u00ec tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t nhau, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5y. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n quen thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

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Trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Thi\u00ean ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed3ng l\u1ea5n l\u00ean nhau, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n (prayer) v\u00e0 tr\u1ea7m t\u01b0 (contemplation). C\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c d\u00e2ng l\u00ean ho\u1eb7c n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5ng linh thi\u00eang n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. Tr\u1ea7m t\u01b0 l\u00e0 d\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i suy t\u01b0 m\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n kinh n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. Theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n t\u1eadp th\u00ec c\u1ea3 hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i t\u1eadp thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ea1p nh\u1ea1p, \u1ed3n \u00e0o trong \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 \u0111em t\u00e2m \u00fd m\u00ecnh t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c duy nh\u1ea5t. V\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ta t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong m\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1c: m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e2m sinh l\u00fd ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c r\u1ea5t an vui v\u00e0 kh\u1ecfe kho\u1eafn.Trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u1ea4n \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o (Hindu), ta c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n yoga, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp c\u0103n b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 \u0111em t\u00e2m \u00fd t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng duy nh\u1ea5t – nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1, m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn n\u1ebfn, m\u1ed9t \u00e2m thanh, hay m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 – v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng suy ngh\u0129 lan man. Sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh thu\u1ea7n th\u1ee5c, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c n\u1edbi r\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n – nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i kinh, nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh t\u00e2m linh m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, nh\u1eefng lu\u00e2n xa trong ng\u01b0\u1eddi… Nh\u01b0ng cho d\u00f9 \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c thi\u1ec1n t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, c\u1ea7u k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t, thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/div>\n
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Trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt th\u00ec thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb r\u1ea5t cao. Nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u1edbi, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1c. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n t\u1eadp trong \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3. Ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt th\u00ec r\u1ea5t m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u1eady m\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n

Trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Zen th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch. C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c b\u1eb1ng ngh\u1ecb l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u00fd ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. Ta ch\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c ng\u1ed3i xu\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 c\u1ee9 ng\u1ed3i y\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5y, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ta b\u1ecf ra ngo\u00e0i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec trong \u0111\u1ea7u, ch\u1ec9 tr\u1eeb c\u00e1i \u00fd th\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1c v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ng\u1ed3i thi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Nghe th\u00ec c\u00f3 v\u1ebb r\u1ea5t l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb. Nh\u01b0ng th\u1eadt ra l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee9 th\u1eed ng\u1ed3i xu\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh trong gi\u00e2y l\u00e1t \u0111i, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i n\u00f3i. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 hai, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng thi\u1ec1n L\u00e2m T\u1ebf, l\u00e0 kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o l\u1eeba t\u00e2m \u00fd c\u1ee7a ta ra kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng l\u1ed1i suy ngh\u0129 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n. Theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng \u00e1n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi, v\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n sinh b\u1ecb b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft, trong m\u1ed9t ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t gian nan. V\u00e0 v\u00ec thi\u1ec1n sinh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o tr\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1y \u0111i \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, h\u1ecd b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i nh\u1ea3y th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1i kinh nghi\u1ec7m th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, ch\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n n\u1eefa? Zen l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp kh\u00e1 gian nan. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cho nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n r\u1ea5t cam go.<\/p>\n

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M\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng, (Tantric Buddhism) ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y th\u00ec ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. Nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ta l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u1ef1 ng\u00e3, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i \u201ct\u00f4i\u201d m\u00e0 ta nh\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u00ecnh. M\u1ecdi \u00fd th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ta \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u00fd ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ng\u00e3. Th\u1eadt ra \u00fd ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i t\u00f4i, hay c\u00e1i ng\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n tantra n\u00e0y c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1eadp tan \u0111i nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ta tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi \u00fd th\u1ee9c thanh t\u1ecbnh. V\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd d\u00f9ng l\u00e0 qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng. Thi\u1ec1n sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao cho m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh thi\u00eang li\u00eang n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec1n sinh s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u00e0o h\u1ecd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n linh \u1ea5y. Ta b\u1ecf c\u00e1i ng\u00e3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111i v\u00e0 mang l\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ng\u00e3 kh\u00e1c. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Qua ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u1ea5y, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3 v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi c\u00e1i ng\u00e3, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3. H\u1ecd c\u0169ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u1eb1ng, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ea5y b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ng\u00e3 n\u00e0o n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n, v\u00e0 ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i n\u00e0o h\u1ebft, t\u00f9y ti\u1ec7n. V\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n. Nh\u01b0ng ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n tantra n\u00e0y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i d\u1ec5.<\/p>\n

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Thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n vipassana l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n t\u1eadp xa x\u01b0a nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb kinh T\u1ee9 ni\u1ec7m x\u1ee9 (B\u1ed1n l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c qu\u00e1n ni\u1ec7m – Satipatthana Sutta, Trung b\u1ed9, 10) do ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y. Thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n vipassana l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 t\u1eeb t\u1ed1n, n\u00f3 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 gi\u00fap ta ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u00ednh ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c. Thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfn ch\u1eadm r\u00e3i t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t, qua nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m th\u00e1ng. H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 \u0111em s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfu soi th\u1eadt c\u1eb7n k\u1ebd v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. Ta ghi nh\u1eadn m\u1ecdi kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng. Thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n r\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng r\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam t\u00fac, g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp gi\u00fap ta ph\u00e1t huy ch\u00ednh ni\u1ec7m, v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng m\u00ecnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1edd ta bi\u1ebft l\u1eafng nghe ch\u0103m ch\u00fa h\u01a1n, qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. Ch\u00fang ta th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp ng\u1eedi n\u1ebfm m\u00f9i v\u1ecb tinh nhu\u1ec7 h\u01a1n, x\u00fac ch\u1ea1m tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i x\u1ea3y ra trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u1ea5y. Ch\u00fang ta h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch l\u1eafng nghe nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc v\u00e0o ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00f4 ng\u00e3 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t to\u1ea1i nguy\u1ec7n c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ee9 t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft h\u1ebft ch\u00fang r\u1ed3i, nh\u01b0ng th\u1eadt ra \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, ch\u00fang ta r\u1ea5t \u00edt khi n\u00e0o ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nhi\u1ec1u khi ch\u00fang ta h\u00e0nh x\u1eed nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang m\u01a1 ng\u1ee7. Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh ni\u1ec7m!<\/p>\n

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Qua s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp ch\u00ednh ni\u1ec7m, d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ai. Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd nh\u00ecn xuy\u00ean qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5m m\u00e0n c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 ng\u00e3. Ta t\u1ec9nh d\u1eady v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng \u0111ang c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t. Cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c th\u0103ng tr\u1ea7m, h\u01a1n thua, c\u00f2n m\u1ea5t. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt. S\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n th\u1ebf, n\u1ebfu ta bi\u1ebft nh\u00ecn, v\u00e0 nh\u00ecn b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t con m\u1eaft qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n

Thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00f4i luy\u1ec7n t\u00e2m \u00fd, d\u1ea1y cho ta bi\u1ebft kinh nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y qua m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi l\u1ea1. L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, ta s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra cho ta, chung quanh ta v\u00e0 trong ta. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 ta v\u1eeba qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, l\u1ea1i v\u1eeba tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tham gia v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u00fang ta th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9: \u201cKh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc. B\u1ecf qua h\u1ebft m\u1ed9t b\u00ean nh\u1eefng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, \u00fd ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. T\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y. T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kinh nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1. T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u th\u1ea5u v\u00e0 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ec9 nghe l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c. T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y.\u201d<\/p>\n

V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n theo \u0111u\u1ed5i con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n v\u1edbi th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea5y, t\u00f4i tin ch\u1eafc b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng con m\u1eaft kh\u00e1ch quan, nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 \u0111ang hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu – bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong t\u1eebng m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat. Cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng l\u00fac \u1ea5y s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u. Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

Trong ti\u1ebfng Pali, danh t\u1eeb chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n l\u00e0 vipassana bhavana. Bhavana c\u00f3 ng\u1eef c\u0103n l\u00e0 bhu, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn hay tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh. V\u00ec v\u1eady, bhavana c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u00f4i luy\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e2m \u00fd. Bhavana c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e0o luy\u1ec7n t\u00e2m \u00fd. Ch\u1eef vipassana \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gh\u00e9p t\u1eeb hai ch\u1eef g\u1ed1c: Passana c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u1ea5y, hay l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft. Vi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u1eef (prefix) bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u ngh\u0129a m\u00e0 ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u201cb\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t\u201d, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111i v\u00e0o\u201d hay \u201cxuy\u00ean qua m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t\u201d. To\u00e0n ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef vipassana l\u00e0 nh\u00ecn th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt, hay m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eebng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, v\u00e0 xuy\u00ean th\u1ea5u qua t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Vipassana c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 minh s\u00e1t tu\u1ec7. Ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u1ea5y d\u1eabn ta \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c v\u1ec1 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 ta \u0111ang qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t. Gh\u00e9p hai ch\u1eef \u1ea5y l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau, vipassana bhavana c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e0o luy\u1ec7n t\u00e2m \u00fd, gi\u00fap ta nh\u00ecn s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt qua m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n.<\/p>\n

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Trong thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n vipassana, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng. Ch\u00fang ta t\u1eadp ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00fang th\u1eadt nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang \u0111ang hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu, v\u00e0 ta g\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ni\u1ec7m. Ch\u00ednh ni\u1ec7m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn m\u1edbi m\u1ebb, kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ta.<\/p>\n

Th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 nh\u00ecn nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111ang th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u1edf ngay tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft m\u00ecnh. Ch\u00fang ta nh\u00ecn cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi qua m\u1ed9t l\u0103ng k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 \u00fd ni\u1ec7m, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i ta nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn ch\u00fang v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i. Ch\u00fang ta b\u1ecb ch\u00ecm tr\u00f4i trong d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea5t t\u1eadn n\u00e0y, trong khi th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i v\u1eabn \u0111i ngang qua m\u00e0 ta kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 hay bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn. Ta mi\u1ec7t m\u00e0i trong nh\u1eefng sinh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, \u0111eo \u0111u\u1ed5i theo nh\u1eefng th\u00fa vui v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n, tr\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng kh\u1ed5 \u0111au v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng. Ch\u00fang ta d\u1ed3n h\u1ebft n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng l\u00e0m sao cho m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu h\u01a1n, che gi\u1ea5u \u0111i nh\u1eefng lo l\u1eafng v\u00e0 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 an \u1ed5n. Trong khi \u1ea5y, th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i v\u1eabn \u0111i ngang qua, m\u00e0 ta kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 hay bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn. Trong thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n vipassana, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp bu\u00f4ng b\u1ecf h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng th\u00f4i th\u00fac mong mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu h\u01a1n. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i. B\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u nghich l\u00fd \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0, h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t khi ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n theo \u0111u\u1ed5i n\u00f3. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng b\u1ebf t\u1eafc cho h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft ch\u00fang ta!<\/p>\n

Khi ta bi\u1ebft d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho s\u1ef1 ham mu\u1ed1n nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y m\u00ecnh n\u1eefa, h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t. Khi ta th\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n theo \u0111u\u1ed5i ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh, s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9. Khi ta s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n, kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng, g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3m nguy, khi \u1ea5y ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 an \u1ed5n th\u1eadt s\u1ef1. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3u gi\u00e1o thuy\u1ebft m\u00e0 t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n b\u1ea1n tin theo, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 n\u00ean t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb h\u01a1n 2.500 n\u0103m, v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao truy\u1ec1n l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp gi\u00e1o thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 nghi th\u1ee9c. D\u00f9 v\u1eady, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt v\u1eabn l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7n quy\u1ec1n. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt C\u1ed3-\u0111\u00e0m (Gotama) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a gi\u00e1o \u0111i\u1ec1u. Ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd xem nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00edn \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111o\u00e1n, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 xem \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng. L\u1eddi m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 \u201cH\u00e3y \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y.\u201d Ng\u00e0i d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng: \u201c\u0110\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00eam l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa.\u201d C\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ta \u0111\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t ai kh\u00e1c. H\u00e3y t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh th\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

V\u00e0 t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea5y khi \u0111\u1ecdc quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y. T\u00f4i s\u1ebd tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean tin v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec uy t\u00edn c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m tin m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00edch l\u1ee3i g\u00ec. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u1ea1n h\u00e3y h\u1ecdc bi\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh theo nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn trong s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y. Khi \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea1n m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e1n x\u00e9t kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i xin ph\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y s\u01a1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh trong gi\u00e1o l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i nhi\u1ec1u, v\u00ec t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 h\u01a1n \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c. Nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ta hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 th\u00eam v\u1ec1 thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Theo c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt th\u00ec lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng theo m\u1ed9t cung c\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1. Ch\u00fang ta nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, thay \u0111\u1ed5i chung quanh m\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ee9 v\u1eabn tin r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang s\u1ebd t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u0129nh c\u1eedu. Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i x\u1ea3y ra li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9. Ngay c\u1ea3 trong khi b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng ch\u1eef n\u00e0y, c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng \u0111ang gi\u00e0 nua \u0111i. Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e2u! Quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7m tr\u00ean tay \u0111ang m\u1ee5c n\u00e1t \u0111i. Nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng m\u1ef1c \u0111ang phai m\u1edd, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y \u0111ang v\u1ee5n v\u1ee1 ra. Nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng chung quanh b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed5 n\u00e1t \u0111i. Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed b\u00ean trong b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea5y \u0111ang rung \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7ng s\u1ed1 r\u1ea5t cao, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111ang trong ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, tan v\u1ee1 v\u00e0 t\u1eeb t\u1eeb ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y. V\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n

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R\u1ed3i cho \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n ch\u1ee3t nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i. Da m\u00ecnh sao l\u1ea1i nh\u0103n nheo v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u1edbp x\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111au nh\u1ee9c. Quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y b\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y \u1ed1 v\u00e0ng, phai m\u1edd, r\u1eddi r\u00e3. C\u0103n nh\u00e0, nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1ng g\u1ea1ch v\u1ee5n. B\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfc nu\u1ed1i tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t, kh\u00f3c th\u01b0\u01a1ng cho nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ed7i \u0111au \u1ea5y ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u? N\u00f3 ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. Ta \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu nh\u00ecn cho r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng. Ta \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y. Ch\u00fang ta x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 \u201ct\u00f4i\u201d, \u201cquy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch\u201d, \u201cc\u0103n nh\u00e0\u201d, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i ta c\u1ee9 \u0111inh ninh cho ch\u00fang l\u00e0 th\u1eadt, l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn, kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd thay \u0111\u1ed5i! Ta nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh cho r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang s\u1ebd t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u00e3i m\u00e3i. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c! Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u1ea5y. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u0169 \u0111i\u1ec7u hay m\u1ed9t nh\u1ea1c kh\u00fac r\u1ea5t tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ni\u1ec1m vui trong s\u1ef1 tr\u00f4i qua li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i thay v\u00ec l\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed5i thay. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

Th\u00f3i quen nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta r\u1ea5t l\u00e0 sai l\u1ea7m. Ch\u00fang ta b\u1ecf ra ngo\u00e0i h\u1ebft 99% nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac thu nh\u1eadn qua c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. V\u00e0 5% c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i, ta \u0111em \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c ki\u00ean c\u1ed1 trong t\u00e2m. V\u00e0 r\u1ed3i ta ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 th\u00f3i quen c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang ng\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh y\u00ean t\u0129nh trong m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i thanh v\u1eafng. B\u1ed7ng t\u1eeb xa c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng ch\u00f3 s\u1ee7a. B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft \u00e2m thanh \u1ea5y th\u1eadt tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e2m ph\u00e2n t\u00edch n\u00f3. Trong m\u00e0n \u0111\u00eam t\u1ecbch m\u1ecbch nh\u01b0 m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n im l\u1eb7ng b\u1ed7ng n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u1eefng con s\u00f3ng \u00e2m thanh rung \u0111\u1ed9ng. Tai b\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng \u00e2m thanh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u00e1ng y\u00eau \u0111\u00f3, bi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb li ti k\u00edch th\u00edch t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1ea7n kinh. B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3 th\u1eadt tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. Nh\u01b0ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ecf qua kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Thay v\u00ec v\u1eady, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee9ng s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u1ea5y l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m \u00fd. Ta d\u00e1n th\u00eam l\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd: \u201cC\u0169ng l\u1ea1i con ch\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3 n\u1eefa! H\u1ec5 t\u1edbi khuya t\u1ed1i l\u00e0 c\u1ee9 s\u1ee7a om l\u00ean. Kh\u00f4ng ai ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u00eam n\u00e0o c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00eam n\u1ea5y th\u00ec ai \u0111\u00e2y m\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu n\u1ed5i! Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ai l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111i ch\u1ee9! Ch\u1eafc l\u00e0 m\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i g\u1ecdi c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t! Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, g\u1ecdi ch\u1ed7 b\u1eaft ch\u00f3 m\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i! Th\u00f4i, \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00ecnh vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t l\u00e1 th\u01b0 th\u1eadt n\u1eb7ng r\u1ed3i g\u1eedi th\u1eb3ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 ch\u00f3. M\u00e0 c\u0169ng phi\u1ec1n ph\u1ee9c qu\u00e1, th\u00f4i m\u00ecnh c\u1ee9 nh\u00e9t b\u00f4ng g\u00f2n v\u00e0o tai cho xong chuy\u1ec7n.\u201d Th\u1eadt ra, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 th\u00f3i quen nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf t\u1eeb l\u00fac c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf, t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng quanh ta. L\u1ed1i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u di truy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n kinh c\u1ee7a ta. Nh\u1eefng m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n tuy \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5y r\u1ed3i, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang. Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ta \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111ang l\u00e0m, v\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00f9i l\u1ea1i, l\u1eb7ng y\u00ean qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

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Theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt th\u00ec con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn kh\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi. Ch\u00fang ta nh\u00ecn nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y n\u00ean kh\u1ed5 \u0111au, v\u00e0 l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed5 \u0111au l\u00e0 c\u00e1i b\u1ec7nh ham mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0 gh\u00e9t b\u1ecf m\u00e0 ta \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. M\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4 g\u00e1i d\u1ec5 th\u01b0\u01a1ng, m\u1ed9t anh ch\u00e0ng \u0111\u1eb9p trai, m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc xe h\u01a1i \u0111\u1eddi m\u1edbi, m\u00f9i th\u01a1m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc b\u00e1nh m\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbng, m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc xe t\u1ea3i lao th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o b\u1ea1n… b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o. V\u00e0 ngay sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 c\u00e1i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng gh\u00e9t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 lo l\u1eafng ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n. Ch\u00fang ta lo l\u1eafng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. Lo l\u1eafng t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. S\u1ef1 lo l\u1eafng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp. Lo l\u1eafng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng, m\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u1ea5y, l\u00fac s\u01a1 kh\u1edfi tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh. M\u00f3c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y x\u00edch lo l\u1eafng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng-gh\u00e9t c\u1ee7a ta. Ngay khi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eeba kh\u1edfi l\u00ean trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c, l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c ta ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 \u00fd n\u1eafm gi\u1eef, ho\u1eb7c xua \u0111u\u1ed5i n\u00f3 \u0111i. V\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 v\u00f2ng quay lo l\u1eafng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u xoay chuy\u1ec3n. Nh\u01b0ng may m\u1eafn thay, thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m cho chi\u1ebfc b\u00e1nh xe \u1ea5y d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

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Thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n d\u1ea1y cho ch\u00fang ta c\u00e1ch qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. Ta s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc theo d\u00f5i s\u1ef1 sinh kh\u1edfi c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng kh\u00e1ch quan. Ta s\u1ebd nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a ta khi b\u1ecb k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 an t\u0129nh. V\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00ecnh \u0111ang ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 b\u1ecb d\u00ednh m\u1eafc v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u1ea5y. Ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eadp gia \u0111\u00ecnh. Ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh sang m\u1ed9t b\u00ean m\u1ed7i khi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc xe t\u1ea3i lao th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o m\u00ecnh. Nh\u01b0ng ta kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i kh\u1ed5 \u0111au v\u00ec ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

Khi ta gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, m\u1ed9t ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi m\u1edbi s\u1ebd m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ra. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn lao, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t. N\u00f3 mang \u0111\u1ebfn cho ta m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m vui \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf. V\u00ec nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt xem c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi. Trong kinh Ph\u1eadt g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u00ecn s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt \u0111\u00fang th\u1eadt nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang \u0111ang hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu.<\/p>\n

Thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00fang th\u1eadt nh\u01b0 n\u00f3 \u0111ang hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu. V\u00e0 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i m\u1edbi m\u1ebb \u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u201ct\u00f4i\u201d. Th\u1eadt ra, c\u00e1ch ta x\u1eed s\u1ef1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1i \u201ct\u00f4i\u201d n\u00e0y, c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng y nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch ta x\u1eed s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111em nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, c\u1ea3m th\u1ee5, c\u1ea3m x\u00fac \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u00e2m linh. R\u1ed3i ch\u00fang ta d\u00e1n l\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e3n hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u201ct\u00f4i\u201d. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta h\u00e0nh x\u1eed nh\u01b0 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1eadt, b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 v\u1eefng b\u1ec1n. Ta xem c\u00e1i \u201ct\u00f4i\u201d \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c. Ch\u00fang ta t\u1ef1 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi ra kh\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed5i thay, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i than th\u1edf r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y qu\u00e1 c\u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n. Ch\u00fang ta qu\u00ean \u0111i b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t li\u00ean h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft gi\u1eefa ta v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi sinh th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 c\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 \u201ct\u00f4i\u201d ph\u1ea3i gom g\u00f3p m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh \u201cc\u1ee7a t\u00f4i\u201d, r\u1ed3i tr\u00e1ch m\u00f3c sao con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 tham lam v\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh. V\u00e0 chu k\u1ef3 \u1ea5y c\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c m\u00e3i. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u00e1c t\u00e2m, nh\u1eefng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi nhau tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb c\u00e1i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c sai l\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i \u201ct\u00f4i\u201d ri\u00eang r\u1ebd n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

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N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eadp v\u1ee1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i t\u00f4i \u1ea5y, to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eebng k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch qu\u00e1 nhanh ch\u00f3ng. B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean \u00fd ni\u1ec7m \u1ea5y, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u00f3 v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, trong t\u1eebng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, qua bi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau l\u00e0 n\u0103m th\u00e1ng. N\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng g\u00ec m\u00e0 tan bi\u1ebfn ngay. Nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n d\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd. Thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c gi\u00fap ta h\u00f3a gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ni\u1ec7m sai l\u1ec7ch v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i \u201ct\u00f4i\u201d. T\u1eebng ch\u00fat, t\u1eebng ch\u00fat m\u1ed9t, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd l\u00e0m v\u1ee1 n\u00f3 ra, ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

\u00dd ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i \u201ct\u00f4i\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh. V\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng \u1edf trong ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u1ea5y. Nh\u1edd thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n, ch\u00fang ta nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f5 m\u00ecnh \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5y, khi n\u00e0o ta l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5y, v\u00e0 ta l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Ch\u1eebng \u0111\u00f3, \u00fd ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t t\u1ef1 ng\u00e3 s\u1ebd tan r\u00e3 nh\u01b0 s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9 bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng, nh\u01b0 m\u00e2y tr\u00f4i qua b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng. Ta \u00fd th\u1ee9c r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0m hay kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m, t\u00f9y theo vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh hay kh\u00f4ng. S\u1ef1 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u1eefa, ta b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a.<\/p>\n

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\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c l\u1edbn. M\u1ed7i tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft r\u1ea5t s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu. Nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra trong m\u1ed9t s\u1edbm m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng phu. Nh\u01b0ng l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t l\u00e0 to t\u00e1t, s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh. M\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ta s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n thay \u0111\u1ed5i. H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi kh\u1ed5 \u0111au, c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n, m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi lo\u00e0i. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 d\u0129 nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 d\u1ec5. Nh\u01b0ng th\u1eadt ra b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nho nh\u1ecf s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang s\u1ebd t\u00edch t\u1ee5 th\u00eam theo ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng. C\u00e0ng ng\u1ed3i thi\u1ec1n l\u00e2u ta l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. C\u00e0ng b\u1ecf ra nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1edd th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp, ta l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t, trong t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng, m\u1ed7i t\u00e1c \u00fd, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u1ee5 khi ch\u00fang v\u1eeba kh\u1edfi l\u00ean trong t\u00e2m. S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng gi\u1edd ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean t\u1ecda c\u1ee5. V\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o, khi b\u1ea1n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee7. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t quy lu\u1eadt tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i n\u00e0o b\u1eaft b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u00ec ta mu\u1ed1n th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng, mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m cho cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi chung quanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb9p h\u01a1n th\u00eam.<\/p>\n

Thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft su\u00f4ng. Th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn ta tr\u1edf n\u00ean nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ed1ng, gi\u00fap ta ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111ang th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t quanh ta. Ta kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ed3i suy t\u01b0\u1edfng, m\u01a1 m\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi. Ta th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng. V\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n, tr\u00ean h\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

T\u00c1C GI\u1ea2 VEN. HENAPOLA GUNARATANA<\/div>\n
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D\u1ecaCH GI\u1ea2: NGUY\u1ec4N DUY NHI\u00caN<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh t\u1eeb. V\u00e0 t\u1eeb ng\u1eef th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qua nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau, b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y nghe qua c\u00f3 v\u1ebb r\u1ea5t t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1eady. Bao gi\u1edd ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2132,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[5],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2129"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2129"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2129\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2151,"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2129\/revisions\/2151"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2132"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2129"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2129"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2129"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}