{"id":50,"date":"2011-04-30T15:41:00","date_gmt":"2011-04-30T15:41:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/?p=50"},"modified":"2013-05-07T09:35:36","modified_gmt":"2013-05-07T02:35:36","slug":"yoga-va-cac-ton-giao-tren-the-gioi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/?p=50","title":{"rendered":"YOGA V\u00c0 C\u00c1C T\u00d4N GI\u00c1O TR\u00caN TH\u1ebe GI\u1edaI."},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>YOGA \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u00f4n t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o nh\u01b0 \u1ea4n gi\u00e1o, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, Ho\u1ea3 gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o gi\u00e1o; \u1edf m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, n\u00f3 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi P\u00e1c-ci, v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ba t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi S\u00ea m\u00edt l\u00e0 Do Th\u00e1i gi\u00e1o, Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o. D\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c tho\u00e1i ho\u00e1, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 trong huy\u1ec1n thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 th\u1edd c\u00fang v\u1eadt linh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 s\u01a1 khai. Trong c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n ho\u00e1 cao h\u01a1n, c\u00e1c l\u1ec5 c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea3o, \u0111u\u1ed5i qu\u1ef7, c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n, t\u1ee5ng ch\u00fa, tham thi\u1ec1n, t\u1ee5ng kinh, l\u1ea7n chu\u1ed7i, k\u1ef7 thu\u1eadt t\u00e2m linh hay n\u1ed9i qu\u00e1n…n\u00f3i chung t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c nghi l\u1ec5 l\u00e0m cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3m th\u00f4ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh cao c\u1ea3 h\u01a1n, ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng tr\u1ea7n gian, \u0111\u1ec1u \u00edt hay nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3m n\u00e9t c\u1ee7a YOGA.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea1o cho c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed3 trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ed5, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c nh\u1ecbn \u0103n, gi\u1eef t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n trong s\u1ea1ch, thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i, thanh l\u1ecdc c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a YOGA.
\nL\u1ecbch s\u1eed tu h\u00e0nh \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng T\u00e2y h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi YOGA, khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean s\u1ed1ng trong sa m\u1ea1c v\u00e0 n\u00fai non \u1edf Ai c\u1eadp v\u00e0 Trung \u0110\u00f4ng, tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ba nguy\u1ec7n \u01b0\u1edbc [s\u1ed1ng ngh\u00e8o, trong s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 v\u00e2ng l\u1eddi], h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eafc v\u00e0o ni\u1ec1m tin m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c YOGA b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c tu vi\u1ec7n \u1edf Ai C\u1eadp, Ba T\u01b0 v\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. Ng\u00e0y nay trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u1edf La M\u00e3, Hi L\u1ea1p c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 Anh Qu\u1ed1c, vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh YOGA xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ti\u1ec1n C\u01a1 \u0110\u1ed1c n\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn lao. Trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tu vi\u1ec7n C\u01a1 \u0110\u1ed1c, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng T\u00ean, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n t\u00e2m linh cho c\u00e1c tu s\u0129 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o YOGA, v\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng tu H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.
\nTh\u1eadt l\u00e0 l\u00fd th\u00fa m\u00e0 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng d\u00f2ng tu kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o [Sufism] nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn b\u1ed1n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m linh c\u1ee7a m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed3 gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 ph\u00e1i c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o. B\u1ed1n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng tu \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

1\/ “HAST”: tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 tu\u00e2n theo gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n v\u00e0 lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o.
\n2\/ “TAREGUT”: c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 qua m\u1ed9t b\u00ean c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc c\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecbnh, h\u1ef7 l\u1ea1c.
\n3\/ “ARAFF”: m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi th\u1ea7n c\u1ea3m, t\u1ee9c n\u1ed9i qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a YOGA, m\u1edf c\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c huy\u1ec1n b\u00ed.
\n4\/ “HAGEGUT”: t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 A La H\u00e1n. M\u1ecdi ham mu\u1ed1n, tham v\u1ecdng, \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00e0m t\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb v\u1ea5t b\u1ecf, v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n. B\u1ed1n b\u1ee9c m\u00e0n \u0111\u00e3 r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y t\u1ef1 do li\u00ean l\u1ea1c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi v\u1ea7n th\u00e1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng thi\u00eang li\u00eang m\u00e0 m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tia s\u00e1ng. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t trong c\u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n, xa c\u00e1ch m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Trong sa m\u1ea1c, n\u00fai cao hay r\u1eebng s\u00e2u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh y\u00ean cho ph\u00e9p nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi YOGA T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean. B\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u tinh th\u1ea7n c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n ghi ch\u00e9p trong Kinh s\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n. B\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee9 hai t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00e2m linh, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u1ea5y \u00fd ngh\u0129a b\u00ed truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. B\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee9 ba th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt v\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 gieo h\u1ea1t, n\u1ea9y m\u1ea7m, l\u1edbn l\u00ean v\u00e0 ra hoa qu\u1ea3 v\u1eady.
\nTrong s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng huy\u1ec1n b\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi s\u0129, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ba T\u01b0 thu\u1ed9c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Omar Khayyam, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong h\u1ee9ng d\u1ee5c th\u1ea7n b\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tu vi\u1ec7n C\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed1c, YOGA hi\u1ec3n b\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh Bhakti. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c, s\u1ef1 th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng Isis v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9a b\u00e9 Horus \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh th\u1edd \u0110\u1ee9c m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ed3ng trinh v\u00e0 ch\u00faa h\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed3ng Gi\u00easu.<\/p>\n

1\/ YOGA V\u00c0 PH\u1eacT GI\u00c1O.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho r\u1eb1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb YOGA. Ta c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t YOGA Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u1edbi YOGA \u1ea4n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 ph\u00e1i kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 huy\u1ec1n h\u1ecdc, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ec9 \u1edf ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, ch\u1ee9 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Ta bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng YOGA h\u00e0m \u00fd m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0 h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o to\u00e0n th\u1ec3, vi m\u00f4 v\u00e0o v\u0129 m\u00f4, t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0o t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch ho\u00e1 qua \u0110\u1ea5ng t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng hay Ishvara. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi C\u01a1 \u0110\u1ed1c gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o, t\u1eadp YOGA l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ea5ng t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, l\u00e0 ho\u00e0 tan gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea3, hay n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua Samsara [th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng] \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c si\u00eau th\u1ebf gian, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ea1i hi\u1ec1n tri\u1ebft \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1edbi PATANJALI v\u00e0 c\u00e1c danh t\u0103ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ed1t y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a YOGA l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua v\u00f4 minh m\u00e0 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ea1i tr\u00ed. Ch\u00ednh trong \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi v\u00f4 minh l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Vedanta c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, n\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nhau d\u00f9 ta g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 Mukti hay Nirvana. Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1o l\u00fd c\u1ed9i r\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ni\u1ec1m tin ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng b\u1ea9m sinh trong ng\u01b0\u1eddi, d\u00f9 n\u00f3 le l\u00f3i trong t\u0103m t\u1ed1i hay n\u00f3 xo\u00e1 tan b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i \u0111i.<\/p>\n

Trong n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng YOGA c\u00f3 v\u00e0i kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa Nam T\u00f4ng v\u00e0 B\u1eafc T\u00f4ng. Kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd v\u1ec1 t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng [Sunyata]. Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nam T\u00f4ng theo, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 theo c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1eeba\u00a0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 trong kinh t\u1ea1ng Pali : Cula Sunnata v\u00e0 Maha Sunnata Sutta c\u1ee7a Majjhima Nikaja. M\u1ed9t kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u1eefa l\u00e0 YOGA M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1eafc T\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecb Nam T\u00f4ng b\u00e1c b\u1ecf. Kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ecf \u1edf t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o l\u00fd cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh v\u00f4 ng\u00e3 si\u00eau nhi\u00ean m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba c\u1ed5 su\u00fd qua t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a Tam Th\u00e2n [Tri-Kaya] v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 ba ng\u00f4i b\u00ed truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc T\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi “c\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3” c\u1ee7a Vedanta.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb Tam Th\u00e2n, nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb bi\u1ec3n b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i l\u00ean r\u1ed3i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec3n, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 r\u1ed3i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3. Trong Tam Th\u00e2n, c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt thu\u1ed9c m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u00f4 ng\u00e3 m\u00e0 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u n\u1ed5i. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi k\u1ebb l\u1eef h\u00e0nh \u0111i theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. Tam Th\u00e2n l\u00e0 n\u01a1i quy y si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u1eefa l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ecb b\u1ed3 t\u00e1t [Bodhisattva], nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n \u1edf c\u00f5i tr\u1ea7n, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf c\u00f5i thi\u00ean nh\u01b0 Di l\u1eb7c [Maitreya], v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kinh t\u1ea1ng Pali c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1edbi B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t, nh\u01b0ng Nam T\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng n\u00ean ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n c\u00e1c B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u00e2m linh.<\/p>\n

Trong t\u00e2m tr\u00ed t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi c\u00e1c kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ghi tr\u00ean, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a Vedanta v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m, ho\u1eb7c tri\u1ebft l\u00fd trong “ch\u00ed t\u00f4n ca” theo l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Krishna [hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i tr\u00ed v\u0169 tr\u1ee5” n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu\u1ef3 theo t\u00e2m t\u00ednh m\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu ta xem x\u00e9t lo\u1ea1i YOGA th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf Nam t\u00f4ng, ta th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea7u kh\u1ea9n h\u1ed9 ph\u00e1p, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea7u xin \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 si\u00eau nh\u00e2n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ed5n t\u00f4n M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1eeba. Trong Rattana Sutta c\u1ee7a Khuddaka Nikaya, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 ban hu\u1ea5n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng thi\u1ec7n l\u00ean ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Trong nhi\u1ec1u bu\u1ed5i l\u1ec5, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta xin ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c do s\u1ef1 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt. Vi\u1ec7c tham thi\u1ec1n, qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 quy nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a Nam t\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n B\u1eafc t\u00f4ng, ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i xu\u1ea5t th\u1ea7n, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n YOGA.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf Nam t\u00f4ng l\u1ea5y c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0 \u1edf M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 tham thi\u1ec1n c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng [Rupa] v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng [Arupa] v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 40 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 sau.
\n– T\u1ee8 \u0110\u1ea0I [\u0111\u1ea5t, n\u01b0\u1edbc, gi\u00f3, l\u1eeda]
\n– B\u1ed0N M\u00c0U [xanh, \u0111\u1ecf, tr\u1eafng, v\u00e0ng] v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng, th\u1ee9c.
\n– B\u1ea4T T\u1ecaNH: M\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, b\u1ed9 x\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi.
\n– TAM B\u1ea2O: [Ph\u1eadt, Ph\u00e1p, T\u0103ng] \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ed9 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean, h\u01a1i th\u1edf, c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, x\u00e1c th\u00e2n, b\u00ecnh y\u00ean.
\n– T\u1ee8 V\u00d4 L\u01af\u1ee2NG T\u00c2M: T\u1eeb, bi, h\u1ef7, x\u1ea3.
\n– B\u1ed0N C\u00d5I V\u00d4 S\u1eaeC.
\n– TH\u1ef0C PH\u1ea8M V\u00c0 TH\u00c2N T\u1ee8 \u0110\u1ea0I.<\/p>\n

C\u00f2n c\u00f3 tham thi\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 ng\u0169 u\u1ea9n [s\u1eafc, th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u00e0nh, th\u1ee9c], s\u1ef1 tan r\u00e3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 ba \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng [v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u1ed5 n\u00e3o, v\u00f4 ng\u00e3].<\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i kinh c\u1ee7a Nam t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a tham thi\u1ec1n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 Maha Satipatthana c\u1ee7a Digha Nikaya, Maha Rahulovada v\u00e0 Anapanasati c\u1ee7a Majjhima Nikaya v.v… M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n v\u0103n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. “T\u1ea4T C\u1ea2 NH\u1eeeNG \u0110I\u1ec0U N\u00c0Y N\u00d3I L\u00caN S\u1ef0 \u1ee8NG D\u1ee4NG YOGA V\u00c0O PH\u1eacT GI\u00c1O”.<\/p>\n

2\/ YOGA V\u00c0 NI\u1ebeT B\u00c0N.<\/p>\n

Trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00edch Ca M\u00e2u Ni h\u1eb3n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd S\u00e2m Khya c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng phu tu t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a YOGA. Arada Kalama c\u00f3 d\u1ea1y cho Vacali m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i S\u00e2m Khya ti\u1ec1n c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 Udraka Ramaputra \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a YOGA. N\u1ebfu \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a hai \u00f4ng th\u1ea7y n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua n\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c ra, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 tham thi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ed5 t\u00fac th\u00eam v\u00e0o. Emile Senart vi\u1ebft: ” CH\u00cdNH TR\u00caN M\u1ea2NH \u0110\u1ea4T YOGA M\u00c0 \u0110\u1ee8C PH\u1eacT \u0110\u00c3 \u0110\u01af\u1ee2C NU\u00d4I D\u01af\u1ee0NG; D\u00d9 CHO NG\u00c0I C\u00d3 TH\u00caM V\u00c0O \u0110\u00d4I \u0110I\u1ec0U M\u1edaI M\u1eba \u0110I CH\u0102NG N\u1eeeA, TH\u00d4NG QUA THI\u1ec0N \u0110\u1ecaNH C\u1ee6A YOGA M\u00c0 T\u01af T\u01af\u1edeNG C\u1ee6A NG\u00c0I M\u1edaI \u0110\u01af\u1ee2C H\u00ccNH TH\u00c0NH”.<\/p>\n

Tho\u1ea1t nh\u00ecn th\u00ec \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt b\u00e1c b\u1ecf ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n, truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0 bi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Upanishad, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 “t\u00e0 gi\u00e1o” kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh huy\u1ec1n b\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u00ean l\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. Tuy nhi\u00ean v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, “\u0111au kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi \u0111au kh\u1ed5” v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn n\u00e0y, n\u1ebfu ta ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt mu\u1ed1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p huy\u1ec1n b\u00ed \u0111ang th\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 m\u1edf “con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng” d\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ebfn tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i. N\u1ebfu Ng\u00e0i coi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u00fd ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 “b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3” c\u1ee7a S\u00e2m Khya v\u00e0 YOGA l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u00ec c\u00e1i “ng\u00e3” ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1m b\u1ee3 m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “linh h\u1ed3n”. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt c\u00f2n \u0111i xa h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. Ng\u00e0i ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i n\u00e0o, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 ch\u00e2n ng\u00e3 m\u1ed9t khi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a “gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9”. Cho n\u00ean \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt b\u00e1c b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t “Purusha”, m\u1ed9t “Atman”, hay m\u1ed9t “braman”, v\u00ec s\u1ee3 n\u00f3 l\u00e0m tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n t\u00e2m tr\u00ed, ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

Nh\u00ecn s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c g\u1ea7n h\u01a1n, ta th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt b\u00e1c b\u1ecf c\u00e1c tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi v\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 m\u00e0n che gi\u1eefa con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i. Ch\u1ee9 Ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t ch\u00e2n l\u00fd t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, \u1edf ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c tinh th\u1ea7n, Ng\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh bi\u1ec7n lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 kinh c\u00f3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n l\u00e0 ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea5t cho tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i “Asams-Krta”, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p, kh\u00f4ng t\u0103ng, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3m, si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t, ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi kinh ngi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ea3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nh\u01b0 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c… hay gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp nh\u01b0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 cho r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3. Nh\u01b0 k\u1ebb m\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc. Ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 “th\u1ea5y” Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n qua “con m\u1eaft th\u00e1nh”, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t “gi\u00e1c quan si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t”, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, trao d\u1ed3i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 “gi\u00e1c quan” si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra c\u00e1i tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n

Ta h\u00e3y nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt nh\u1eb1m v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee9 m\u00e3i s\u1ed1ng trong v\u00f2ng sinh t\u1eed tri\u1ec1n mi\u00ean. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi YOGA , gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sau nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ho\u00e0 nh\u1eadp c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0o ch\u00e2n l\u00fd. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, hay kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh… m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m “ch\u00e2n l\u00fd” \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea3 hai con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 r\u1ee7i ro, s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 bi\u1ec7n, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e0m t\u1ee5c, v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0 nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1i tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng Ng\u00e0i l\u1ea1i ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00f3, v\u00ec ng\u00e0i s\u1ee3 \u0111\u1eddi sau kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ea3nh l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00fang ch\u00e2n l\u00fd \u0111\u00f3. S\u1edf d\u0129 Ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ch\u00e2n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3 B\u00e0 la m\u00f4n l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh v\u00ec h\u1ecd bi\u1ec7n lu\u1eadn qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i “kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3” \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt, “cho r\u1eb1ng Atman t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 v\u0129nh c\u1eedu l\u00e0 sai, b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 sai” [Vasubhandhu], nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu ta \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng g\u00ec Ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5ng gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n th\u00ec ta th\u1ea5y gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t v\u1edbi Jivanmukta, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t ngay trong \u0111\u1eddi nay ngo\u00e0i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n

Trong \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh huy\u1ec1n b\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9; Ng\u00e0i tin v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 “gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t ngay trong ki\u1ebfp n\u00e0y”, nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu m\u00f4 t\u1ea3. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5ng gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n thu\u1ed9c th\u1ebf gian n\u00e0y n\u1eefa. Nh\u01b0 lai \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c, c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c, \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, ham mu\u1ed1n, hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e0m phu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3. th\u0103m d\u00f2 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 cho r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y “c\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3, v\u1eeba c\u00f3 v\u1eeba kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3” [Samyutta Nikaya]. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e2u “Neti! Neti” t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i… danh ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a UPANISHAD.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

YOGA \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u00f4n t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o nh\u01b0 \u1ea4n gi\u00e1o, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, Ho\u1ea3 gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o gi\u00e1o; \u1edf m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, n\u00f3 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi P\u00e1c-ci, v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ba t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi S\u00ea m\u00edt l\u00e0 Do […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1318,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[42],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=50"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1317,"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50\/revisions\/1317"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1318"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=50"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=50"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=50"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}