{"id":6937,"date":"2015-12-07T09:37:28","date_gmt":"2015-12-07T02:37:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/?p=6937"},"modified":"2015-12-07T09:37:28","modified_gmt":"2015-12-07T02:37:28","slug":"nguon-goc-cua-thien-trong-lich-su-an-do","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/?p=6937","title":{"rendered":"NGU\u1ed2N G\u1ed0C C\u1ee6A THI\u1ec0N TRONG L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec \u1ea4N \u0110\u1ed8"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"4\"<\/a>II. NGU\u1ed2N G\u1ed0C C\u1ee6A THI\u1ec0N TRONG L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec \u1ea4N \u0110\u1ed8<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
1. Kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n Ph\u1ec7-\u0111\u00e0 v\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 l\u00e0 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, n\u00ean khi ch\u00fang ta mu\u1ed1n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng g\u00ec, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ed9 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 l\u1ea1i l\u1ea5y th\u1eddi gian d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Nh\u00e3-l\u1ee3i-an \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 l\u00e0m m\u1ed1c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u. <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Nh\u00e3-l\u1ee3i-v\u1ed1n c\u01b0 tr\u00fa g\u1ea7n s\u00f4ng Nh\u00e3-m\u1ea1c thu\u1ed9c Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u00c1-t\u1ebf-\u00e1. V\u1ec1 sau, m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd di chuy\u1ec3n xu\u1ed1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam v\u00e0o l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c s\u00f4ng \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9; m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebfn Ba T\u01b0; m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ti\u1ebfn xa h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn \u00c2u-la-ba \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u ng\u00e0y nay. <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Nh\u00e3-l\u1ee3i-an v\u00e0o l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c s\u00f4ng \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 2180 tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean. V\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean h\u1ecd \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng Ph\u1ed5-\u00e2n-nh\u00e3 thu\u1ed9c \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 ng\u00e0y nay. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ba T\u01b0 g\u1ecdi v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 H\u1eadu-\u0111\u1ed9c-t\u01b0-th\u1ea3n-\u00e2n. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi sai n\u00ean ph\u00e1t sinh nh\u1eefng t\u00ean g\u1ecdi nh\u01b0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Thi\u00ean Tr\u00fac, Th\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed9c, T\u00edn \u0110\u1ed9… <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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L\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Nh\u00e3-l\u1ee3i-an mang t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o th\u00ec kh\u00f3 ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng Th\u00e1nh \u0111i\u1ec3n x\u01b0a nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 kinh Ph\u1ec7-\u0111\u00e0. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c s\u1eed gia g\u1ecdi th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i Ph\u1ec7-\u0111\u00e0 n\u1eb1m trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2000 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1400 tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean. Ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i kinh Ph\u1ec7-\u0111\u00e0 tuy nhi\u1ec1u (n\u0103m, s\u00e1u lo\u1ea1i) nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia ra l\u00e0m b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i sau:<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y l\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n ra l\u00e0m hai lo\u1ea1i: 1. Man-\u0111\u00e0-l\u1ea1p (Mantra); 2. Ph\u1ed5-l\u1ea1p-m\u1ea1c-na (Brahmana). Th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 t\u1eadp th\u01a1 ca t\u00e1n t\u1ee5ng v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7n; th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i sau l\u00e0 nghi th\u1ee9c t\u1ebf t\u1ef1. Kinh Man-\u0111\u00e0-l\u1ea1p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ee5 b\u1eb1ng kh\u1ea9u quy\u1ebft, l\u1ea5y B\u00ed m\u1eadt l\u00e0m ch\u00ednh. V\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 xi\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u00e2m th\u00fay c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 m\u00e0 l\u1ea5y A-lan-nh\u00e3-ca (\u0100ra\u1e47yaka) l\u00e0m kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n k\u1ebft th\u00fac. <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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A-lan-nh\u00e3-ca \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 n\u01a1i t\u1ecbch t\u0129nh, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 v\u00e0o ch\u1ed1n thanh u c\u1ee7a r\u1eebng s\u00e2u, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1ee5ng trong y\u00ean l\u1eb7ng, ho\u1eb7c t\u0129nh t\u00e2m t\u01b0 duy, n\u00ean c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 S\u00e2m L\u00e2m Th\u01b0. Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ee5 b\u1eb1ng kh\u1ea9u quy\u1ebft nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, v\u00ec t\u00ednh th\u1ea7n b\u00ed u di\u1ec7u, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1ee5ng t\u01b0 duy th\u00ec s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u0110\u00e2y g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n-na trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1400 tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean, t\u1ea1i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 manh nha t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y. Ph\u00e1p hoa v\u0103n c\u00fa[1], quy\u1ec3n 24 n\u00f3i. \u201cKinh Ma-\u0111\u0103ng-gi\u00e0 cho r\u1eb1ng, Ph\u1ea1m Thi\u00ean tu h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o Thi\u1ec1n, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0110\u1ea1i Tr\u00ed Ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o ra Vi-\u0111\u00e0 lu\u1eadn, l\u01b0u b\u1ed1 kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a. Sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 v\u1ecb Ti\u00ean b\u1ea3o: B\u1ea1ch T\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1o b\u1ed1n b\u1ed9 Vi-\u0111\u00e0, m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 T\u00e1n t\u1ee5ng, hai l\u00e0 T\u1ebf l\u1ec5, ba l\u00e0 Ca v\u1ecbnh, b\u1ed1n l\u00e0 T\u1ed5n tai. M\u1ed7i b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn Vi-\u0111\u00e0 c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n v\u1ea1n b\u00e0i k\u1ec7\u201d. Do \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng Thi\u1ec1n-na c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Nh\u00e3-l\u1ee3i-an \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 manh nha t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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2. \u01afu-ba-ni-sa-th\u1ed5 v\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i Ph\u1ec7-\u0111\u00e0, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t sinh phong tr\u00e0o h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ef1 do, t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i th\u01a1 t\u1ef1 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc \u01afu-ba-ni-sa-th\u1ed5. Nh\u01b0ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i th\u01a1 t\u1ef1 s\u1ef1 \u01b0\u1edbc kho\u1ea3ng 100 n\u0103m, tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc \u01afu-ba-ni-sa-th\u1ed5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1000 tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 800, 700 tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean. C\u00e1c s\u1eed gia g\u1ecdi kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian n\u0103m 300 tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m r\u1ed9ng th\u00e1ng d\u00e0i \u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp l\u00e0 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn. H\u1ecdc ph\u00e1i trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01a1n n\u0103m tr\u0103m ph\u00e1i. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t h\u1ee9ng th\u00fa \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n sinh. \u01afu-ba-ni-sa-th\u1ed5 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u201cA-l\u1ea1p-nh\u00e3-ng\u00f5a\u201d trong kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n Ph\u1ec7-\u0111\u00e0. Ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb \u01afu-ba-ni-sa-th\u1ed5 (Upani\u1e63ad) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 Th\u1ecb to\u00e0, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9ng h\u1ea7u b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh v\u1ecb S\u01b0 ph\u1ee5. \u00dd ngh\u0129a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ee5 b\u1eb1ng kh\u1ea9u quy\u1ebft, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111em v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y trao truy\u1ec1n cho h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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Do \u0111\u00f3, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1i ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t huy m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. Trong \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u00e1u gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i ch\u00ednh.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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1. Ph\u00e1i Thanh lu\u1eadn (M\u012bm\u0101\u1e43s\u0101), Khai t\u1ed5 l\u00e0 T\u1ebf-nh\u00e3-l\u1ee3i-m\u1eadt, ph\u00e1i Nghi Th\u1ee9c (Ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng).<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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2. Ph\u00e1i Vi-\u0111\u00e0 lu\u1eadn (Ved\u0101nta), Ha-\u0111\u00e0-l\u1ea1p-nh\u00e3-na, ph\u00e1i Tinh th\u1ea7n (Ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng).<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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3. Ph\u00e1i Nh\u00e2n minh lu\u1eadn (Naiy\u0101yika Nyay), Khai t\u1ed5 l\u00e0 T\u00fac-m\u1ee5c-t\u1ef1-c\u00f9-\u0111\u00e0m, ph\u00e1i Lu\u1eadn l\u00fd (d\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i).<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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4. Ph\u00e1i Th\u1eafng lu\u1eadn (Vai\u015be\u1e63ika), Khai t\u1ed5 l\u00e0 Ki\u1ec3n-noa-\u0111\u00e0, ph\u00e1i Th\u1eadt T\u01b0\u1edbng (d\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i).<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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5. Ph\u00e1i S\u1ed1 lu\u1eadn (S\u0101\u1e43khyaSainkhya), Khai t\u1ed5 l\u00e0 Ca-t\u1ef3-la, ph\u00e1i Duy\u00ean Kh\u1edfi (d\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i).<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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6. Ph\u00e1i Du-gi\u00e0 lu\u1eadn (Yoga), khai t\u1ed5 l\u00e0 Ha-tha-h\u00e0-l\u1ee3i ph\u00e1i Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh (d\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i).<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
Kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a s\u00e1u ph\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea1i Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y th\u00ec m\u1ed7i ph\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed7i thuy\u1ebft kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc \u01afu-ba-ni-sa-th\u1ed5. V\u00ec th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc \u01afu-ba-ni-sa-th\u1ed5 coi tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 ph\u00e9p qu\u00e1n. Thi\u1ec1n-na t\u1ee9c T\u0129nh l\u1ef1, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef, nh\u01b0ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng trung k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc \u01afu-ba-ni-sa-th\u1ed5 th\u00ec Thi\u1ec1n-na l\u1ea1i bao qu\u00e1t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1i Du-gi\u00e0. Du-gi\u00e0 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng \u00fd, t\u1ee9c gi\u1eefa Th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng kh\u1ebf h\u1ee3p nhau, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Trong s\u00e1u ph\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea1i Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y, th\u00ec ph\u00e1i Du-gi\u00e0 [t\u1ee9c Yoga] sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee9c Th\u00edch T\u00f4n tri\u1ec3n khai, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn ph\u00e1i n\u00e0y \u1edf ph\u1ea7n sau.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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Ph\u00e1i th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t Nh\u1ecb-man-t\u00e1t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 T\u01b0 duy ho\u1eb7c Qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng. Ph\u00e1i Th\u1eafng lu\u1eadn (th\u1ee9 4) v\u00e0 ph\u00e1i S\u1ed1 lu\u1eadn (th\u1ee9 5) \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o. Th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edbng lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 Duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a hai h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1i l\u1edbn n\u00e0y. Ph\u00e1i Nh\u00e2n minh lu\u1eadn (th\u1ee9 3) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111a s\u1ed1 t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1eddi sau d\u1eabn d\u1ee5ng, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 thuy\u1ebft minh cho gi\u00e1o l\u00fd nh\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt. Ph\u00e1i Vi-\u0111\u00e0 lu\u1eadn (th\u1ee9 2) kh\u00f4ng mang t\u00ednh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 quan, sau n\u00e0y Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o b\u1ecb ph\u00e1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3 k\u00edch k\u1ecbch li\u1ec7t n\u00ean Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o b\u1ecb tuy\u1ec7t t\u00edch \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. S\u1ef1 b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n l\u00e0m cho Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o m\u1ea5t ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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3. T\u1ed9c B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n v\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Nh\u00e3-l\u1ee3i-an \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ea7m m\u1ed1ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng Thi\u1ec1n, nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u b\u00e0i ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i. \u01afu-ba-ni-sa-th\u1ed5 l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch ch\u00fa th\u00edch v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a kinh Ph\u1ec7-\u0111\u00e0, m\u00e0 kinh Ph\u1ec7-\u0111\u00e0 v\u1ed1n thu\u1ed9c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n gi\u00e1o. Do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01afu-ba-ni-sa-th\u1ed5 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng B\u00ed m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u01afu-ba-ni-sa-th\u1ed5 l\u00e0 S\u00e2m l\u00e2m th\u01b0. A-lan-nh\u00e3-ca (\u0101ra\u1e47yaka) l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa tu t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c T\u0103ng l\u1eef B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n gi\u00e1o nh\u1eefng khi tr\u1ea7m t\u01b0 m\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u1edfng. V\u00ec tr\u1ea7m t\u01b0 m\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00ean h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i r\u1eddi xa ph\u1ed1 th\u1ecb, s\u1ed1ng an t\u0129nh trong r\u1eebng r\u1eadm.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
Trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a T\u0103ng l\u1eef B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia l\u00e0m b\u1ed1n th\u1eddi k\u1ef3, m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t T\u0103ng l\u1eef ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua b\u1ed1n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n (Aerana): Tu\u1ed5i \u1ea5u th\u01a1 \u1edf nh\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ea1 cha m\u1eb9, l\u1edbn th\u00eam \u00edt tu\u1ed5i n\u1eefa l\u1ea1i xu\u1ea5t gia, theo Th\u1ea7y h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp kinh Ph\u1ec7-\u0111\u00e0, \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Ph\u1ea1m ch\u00ed (brahma-c\u0101rin). \u0110\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i thanh ni\u00ean v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 l\u1eadp gia \u0111\u00ecnh, kinh doanh l\u00e0m \u0103n lo cho gia nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 H\u1ed9 ch\u1ee7 (g\u1e5bha-stha). \u0110\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 gi\u00e0, l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o n\u00fai r\u1eebng tu \u0111\u1ea1o, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 S\u00e2m c\u01b0 (\u0101na-prastha). Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o, l\u00e0m v\u1ecb T\u0103ng thanh t\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c, \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 B\u00ed-s\u00f4 (bhik\u1e63u). Trong \u0111\u00f3, th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 S\u00e2m c\u01b0 th\u1ee9 ba \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1ee5ng S\u00e2m l\u00e2m th\u01b0 v\u00e0 B\u00ed m\u1eadt gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n, t\u0129nh nh\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o tr\u1ea7m t\u01b0 m\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u1ecd theo ph\u00e1p tu n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u1ea3. Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 S\u00e2m l\u00e2m tr\u1ea7m t\u01b0 m\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 tu h\u1ecdc Thi\u1ec1n-na.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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[1]. Ph\u00e1p hoa v\u0103n c\u00fa \u6cd5\u83ef\u6587\u53e5: Theo Ph\u1eadt Quang \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n th\u00ec t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 10 quy\u1ec3n (ho\u1eb7c 20 quy\u1ec3n), do ng\u00e0i Thi\u00ean Thai Tr\u00ed Kh\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3ng thuy\u1ebft \u1edf ch\u00f9a Quang Tr\u1ea1ch t\u1ea1i Kim L\u0103ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u Trinh Minh (587) \u0111\u1eddi Tr\u1ea7n thu\u1ed9c Nam tri\u1ec1u, ng\u00e0i Qu\u00e1n \u0110\u00ednh ghi ch\u00e9p, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1ng, t\u1eadp 34.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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Ban Phi\u00ean D\u1ecbch Ph\u00e1p T\u1ea1ng PGVN<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

II. NGU\u1ed2N G\u1ed0C C\u1ee6A THI\u1ec0N TRONG L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec \u1ea4N \u0110\u1ed8 1. Kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n Ph\u1ec7-\u0111\u00e0 v\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 l\u00e0 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, n\u00ean khi ch\u00fang ta mu\u1ed1n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng g\u00ec, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ed9 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 l\u1ea1i l\u1ea5y […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6938,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[5],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6937"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6937"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6937\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6939,"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6937\/revisions\/6939"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/6938"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6937"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6937"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6937"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}