{"id":7499,"date":"2023-10-19T08:33:26","date_gmt":"2023-10-19T01:33:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/?p=7499"},"modified":"2023-10-19T08:37:13","modified_gmt":"2023-10-19T01:37:13","slug":"lich-su-yoga-va-cac-he-phai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/?p=7499","title":{"rendered":"L\u1ecbch s\u1eed yoga v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 ph\u00e1i."},"content":{"rendered":"\n

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed yoga v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 ph\u00e1i.<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng Yoga l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p luy\u1ec7n th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. H\u01a1n 5.000 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n kinh c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hindu v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh Indus \u2013 Sarasvati \u1edf mi\u1ec1n b\u1eafc \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 kinh ch\u00ednh: Bhagavad Gita, Upanishas, Rig Veda. Nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 kinh n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng quan ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n sinh, v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 uy\u00ean nguy\u00ean t\u1eadn c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o, c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111i t\u00ecm th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u1ec9 ra con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t cho cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi\u2026. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t kho t\u00e0ng c\u00e1c c\u00e2u ca dao, s\u1eed thi, v\u1ecbnh ph\u00fa v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0u \u0111\u1eb9p, h\u00f9ng v\u0129 c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, nh\u1eefng t\u1eadp t\u1ee5c, nghi l\u1ec5, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i th\u00e1nh ca c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea5ng th\u1ea7n linh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Arya. Yoga l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 kinh tr\u00ean ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t l\u1eabn t\u00e2m tr\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m linh n\u1eefa. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u, c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0: Karma Yoga, Bhakti Yoga, Jnana Yoga\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Karma Yoga l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c Yoga nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 (nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ea3) c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u00f3. Ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c trong h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00f4 v\u1ecb l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tha nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 mu\u00f4n lo\u00e0i. Nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi quy lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 v\u00f4 v\u1ecb k\u1ef7 \u1ea5y s\u1ebd d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n thanh t\u1ea9y t\u00e2m tr\u00ed con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n ch\u00e2n l\u00ed h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bhakti Yoga l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00f9ng k\u00ednh, \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ecdn t\u00ecnh y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 mu\u00f4n lo\u00e0i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea5ng t\u1ea1o h\u00f3a, xem t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf. T\u1ef1 ng\u00e3 tan bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0o th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 tan ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng. Th\u1eadt ra \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c Yoga c\u00f3 \u1edf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi cu\u1ed3ng t\u00edn m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng. M\u1ed7i d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 danh x\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea5ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, hay b\u1eadc gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh t\u00f4n k\u00ednh nh\u01b0 l\u00e0; Krishna, Ala, Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, Buddha Amitabha, Padmasambhava\u2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jnana Yoga l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c. Ch\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00ednh c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft gi\u1ea3 Jnana Yoga, nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, t\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadn t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, v\u00f4 t\u01b0, \u0111i\u1ec1m t\u0129nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefn ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh kh\u00e1c nhau, th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac v\u00e0 gi\u00e1c quan. Th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e2n c\u1eadn v\u1edbi Guru \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi (h\u1eefu s\u01b0 tr\u00ed) \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n sinh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3i Jnana Yoga hay c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 ph\u00e1i yoga kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n (v\u00f4 s\u01b0 tr\u00ed), c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 hi\u1ec1n tri\u1ebft Hy l\u1ea1p c\u00f3 n\u00f3i: \u201cB\u1ea1n h\u00e3y t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft b\u1ea1n\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 ph\u00e1i Yoga th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1eabn nhau. Jnana Yoga m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 Jnana Yoga th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh song song v\u1edbi Hatha Yoga v\u00e0 Raja Yoga. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 Yoga l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng h\u00f9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i: Patanjali, Shankara, Ramakrishna, Vivekananda, Krishnamuti, Sri Aurobindo, Krishnamacharya, Sivananda, Iyengar\u2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 Mantra Yoga, song song v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c t\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t h\u01a1i th\u1edf, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f2n th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u00ec t\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u th\u1ea7n ch\u00fa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Laya Yoga l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Kundalini Yoga nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n trong ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m khai th\u00f4ng c\u00e1c kinh m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m l\u1ef1c trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ch\u00e2n s\u01b0 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean t\u1ef1 t\u1eadp m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Yoga \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y theo c\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n kh\u1ea9u gi\u1eefa th\u1ea7y v\u1edbi tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. Nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh T\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00edt th\u1edf, c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nghi th\u1ee9c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1ecb bi\u1ec7t. V\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 III tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean, ng\u00e0i Patanjali m\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Yoga v\u00e0 so\u1ea1n ra b\u1ed9 Yoga Sutra. \u0110\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft t\u1eadp th\u00e0nh s\u00e1ch, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y Yoga qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1u vi\u1ebft s\u00e1ch ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi kinh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Patanjali. \u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u00e0o th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 70, th\u1ea7y Nawami, Thu\u1ea7n T\u00e2m c\u0169ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i b\u1ea3n kinh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Patanjali.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0i Patanjali \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb t\u1ed5 s\u01b0 Yoga v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t, ng\u00e0i th\u01b0\u1eddng khuy\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc n\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb Hatha Yoga, r\u1ed3i d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi Raja Yoga. \u0110\u00e2y c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Yoga c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yoga l\u00e0m 8 b\u1eadc:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Yama (gi\u1edbi): t\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i k\u00ecm n\u00e9n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Niyama (lu\u1eadt): tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n, kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed9 l\u1ec7 v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Asana (t\u01b0 th\u1ebf): th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 \u1edf v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i thanh th\u1ea3n, ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, l\u00fac n\u00e0y t\u00e2m tr\u00ed h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 h\u01a1i th\u1edf, h\u01a1i th\u1edf l\u00e0 c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n hay x\u00fac c\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. Pranayama(\u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00ed): khi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i th\u1ea3nh th\u01a1i, th\u00ec ta h\u00e3y \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a h\u01a1i th\u1edf, m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7n quan s\u00e1t v\u00e0 h\u00e3y t\u1ef1 t\u00ecm ra nh\u1ecbp th\u1edf c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. Pratyahara (l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 gi\u00e1c quan): sau khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1i th\u1edf r\u1ed3i th\u00ec t\u1edbi b\u01b0\u1edbc Pratyahara, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. Dharana (t\u1eadp trung): c\u1ed1 d\u1ecbnh \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c b\u00ean trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

7. Dhyana (thi\u1ec1n): tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng m\u00e0 s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

8. Samadhi: Tam mu\u1ed9i, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Tam ma \u0111\u1ecba hay \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau ng\u00e0i Patanjali, t\u1eeb t\u00e1m b\u1eadc c\u1ee7a Raja Yoga, c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 Yoga ch\u1ec9 th\u1ef1c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1eadc, vna64 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc: Yama, Niyama, Asana, Pranayama\u2026. c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Hatha Yoga.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Theo th\u1eddi gian, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n nay, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01a1i t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n Hatha Yoga ch\u1ec9 ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0o Asana, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m. \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u t\u01b0 th\u1ebf, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean m\u1ecdi ng\u00f3c ng\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u1edbp to\u00e0n th\u00e2n, h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c T\u01b0 th\u1ebf (Asana) c\u1ee7a Yoga \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb Hatha<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yoga, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e1 v\u00e0o t\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u01a1i th\u1edf v\u00e0 t\u00e2m tr\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. V\u00ec v\u1eady t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n Hatha Yoga ph\u1ea3i g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ee7 3 ph\u1ea7n: \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00e2n, \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00ed v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hatha do hai t\u1eeb gh\u00e9p l\u1ea1i: Ha l\u00e0 M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, h\u01a1i th\u1edf ra v\u00e0 h\u00edt v\u00e0o b\u00ean m\u0169i ph\u1ea3i, Tha l\u00e0 M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u00e2m trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, h\u01a1i th\u1edf ra v\u00e0 h\u00edt v\u00e0o b\u00ean m\u0169i tr\u00e1i. N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 hai ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n. N\u1ebfu th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ho\u00e0i h\u00f2a v\u1edbi nhau th\u00ec c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u01b0\u01a1n t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u00e0i h\u00f2a v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft \u0110\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Thi\u00ean \u2013 \u0110\u1ecba \u2013 Nh\u00e2n h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Qua s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a hai ph\u1ea7n \u00c2m D\u01b0\u01a1ng, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf toang ra. Hatha Yoga ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c t\u0129nh gi\u00fap c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 t\u1eadp th\u1edf gi\u00fap cho d\u00f2ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng \u00c2m trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p h\u00e0i h\u00f2a v\u1edbi nhau. Hatha Yoga \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t th\u00e2n th\u1ec3, h\u01a1i th\u1edf, t\u00e2m tr\u00ed v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u00f2n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c, luy\u1ec7n cho tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7, \u0111em l\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh, s\u1ef1 tr\u1ea7m t\u0129nh cho t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi\u2026.Trong Yoga, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u00e1 th\u1ec3, m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi b\u00e0i t\u1eadp n\u00e0o t\u00f9y theo s\u1edf th\u00edch, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do m\u00e0 Yoga th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u1edf m\u1ecdi l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ng\u0103n tr\u1edf b\u1edfi b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Patanjali, c\u00f2n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n Vajra Yoga (Vajra c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng, C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u2013 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba v\u00e0 Hindu gi\u00e1o; c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00f4ng ph\u00e1i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 L\u00e3o \u2013 Trang ).V\u1ecb t\u1ed5 s\u01b0 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ng\u00e0i Saraha. V\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 VIII, ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n sang T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 hai ng\u00e0i Padmasambhava v\u00e0 Atisha, cho t\u1edbi Tilopa, Naropa, Marpa. T\u1eeb ng\u00e0i Marpa truy\u1ec1n cho Milarepa \u2013 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t T\u00e2y t\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n y\u00eau qu\u00ed. T\u1eeb ng\u00e0i Milarepa truy\u1ec1n cho ng\u00e0i Gampopa, Gampopa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed v\u00f4 song nh\u01b0 \u00e1nh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Milarepa. D\u00f2ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec cho t\u1edbi ng\u00e0y nay l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u00e1p v\u01b0\u01a1ng Gyalwang Drukpa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 Tsongkhapa (1395 \u2013 1419), ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 h\u00f3a th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a V\u0103n Th\u00f9 B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t, v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kheo nghi\u00eam tr\u00ec gi\u1edb lu\u1eadt c\u1ea9n m\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3i ch\u00e2n tu th\u1eadt ch\u1ee9ng, \u0111a v\u0103n qu\u1ea3ng ki\u1ebfn. Nh\u00e0 c\u00e1nh m\u1ea1ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec1 x\u01b0\u1edbng vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00eam tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ba th\u1eeba (Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba, \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba v\u00e0 M\u1eadt th\u1eeba), h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, Hi\u1ec3n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00f4ng ph\u00e1i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1eadp ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n l\u1eadp ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e1i sinh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ee9c Datlai Latma I cho \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ee9c Datlai Latma XIV ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XV \u2013 XVIII l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n Hatha Yoga ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd t\u1ea1i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch: Hatha Yoga Pradipika do hi\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3 Svatmarama bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n.Ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 quy\u1ec3n Gheranda Samhita v\u00e0 Shiva Samhita c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Yoga Srinivasabhatta Mahayogindra v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 kia l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 Yoga bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n. G\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung: Yama, Niyama, Asana, Pranayama, Pratyhara, Dhyana, Samadhi, Mudra, Bandha, Nadis, Charkra, Kundalini\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp theo sau, v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n Kriya Yoga xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i qua s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a Mahavatar Babaji, truy\u1ec1n cho Lahiri Mahasaya. D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a Lahiri Mahasaya Kriya Yoga \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y kh\u1eafp \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. Lahiri Mahasaya truy\u1ec1n cho Yukteswar, sau \u0111\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n cho ng\u00e0i Yogananda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yogananda (1893 \u2013 1952), \u00f4ng sinh ra t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng Gorakhpur c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, t\u1eeb th\u1ee7a nh\u1ecf \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u00f3i quen tr\u1ea7m t\u01b0 m\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u1edfng, hay \u0111i t\u00ecm h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 hi\u1ec1n tri\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh Hinhdu,hy v\u1ecdng t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t Guru \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eedi tr\u1ecdn ni\u1ec1m tin v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m linh. V\u00e0o n\u0103m \u00f4ng 17 tu\u1ed5i, c\u01a1 duy\u00ean \u00f4ng g\u1eb7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e0i Yukteswar. Theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9,khi nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean ch\u00edn m\u00f9i th\u00ec th\u1ea7y tr\u00f2 s\u1ebd h\u1ed9i ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap tr\u00f2 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi ti\u1ebfp con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i qua nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfp t\u00e1i sinh. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc Kriya Yoga d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y m\u00ecnh. N\u0103m 1915 \u00f4ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c gia nh\u1eadp d\u00f2ng tu Swami v\u00e0 tr\u1edf truy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Yukteswa, kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 Kriya Yoga.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1920 v\u00e2ng l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a s\u01b0 ph\u1ee5, \u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 Yoga ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i,n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng tham d\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9. C\u0169ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m \u1ea5y, \u00f4ng s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i mang t\u00ean Self Realization Fellowship \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn ra th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Yoga v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Kriya Yoga. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 cho t\u1edbi n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi (1952) \u00f4ng di\u1ec5n thuy\u1ebft kh\u1eafp n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n Yoga n\u00e0y Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Hi\u1ec7n nay m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y Kriya Yoga. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i ng\u00e0i Yogananda l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y Hindu \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y Yoga sang M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1edf d\u0129 g\u1ecdi Kriya Yoga xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 v\u00ec Kriya Yoga l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n Yoga r\u1ea5t c\u1ed5, c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y trong Kinh Gita, lo\u1ea1i Yoga n\u00e0y c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 Raja Yoga c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Patanjali, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e0i Patanjali truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y. C\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Kundalini Yoga . Bao g\u1ed3m k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t th\u00e2n th\u1ec3, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u00e2m tr\u00ed, th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Pramayana,tr\u00ec t\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ea7n ch\u00fa Om (Aum). H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f2n v\u1eadn kh\u00ed xoay d\u1ecdc theo trung t\u00e2m l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee5t cho t\u1edbi n\u00e3o t\u1ee7y (c\u00e1c Chakra) t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi 12 cung ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea1o trong thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc. (Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh lo\u1ea1i Yoga n\u00e0y hay b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lo\u1ea1i Yoga n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 b\u01b0\u1edbc 1,2 l\u00e0 Yama v\u00e0 Niyama. T\u00f9y lo\u1ea1i Yoga kh\u00e1c nhau m\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc 3 \u2013 7, b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m Samadhi l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 sau khi \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t b\u1ea3y b\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 70 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Yogananda l\u00e0 Kriyananda th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp h\u1ec7 ph\u00e1i Ananda Yoga, gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y \u1edf M\u1ef9, Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 \u1ea4n \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1eefa. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a Kriya Yoga v\u00e0 Hatha Yoga, ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Asana v\u00e0 Pranayama r\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Raja Yoga!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y Yoga l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c c\u0169ng gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0i Viveekananda (1863 \u2013 1902), l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 t\u00e2m linh c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft l\u00fd Vedatan sau ng\u00e0i Sankara. Ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng v\u00e2ng l\u1ec7nh th\u1ea7y m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 Ramakrishna, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y Yoga sang Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. N\u0103m 16 tu\u1ed5i Vivekananda \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc khoa tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc, logic h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2y, do \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c r\u1ea5t s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng, qu\u00e1n th\u00f4ng c\u1ed5 kim. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y m\u1edf d\u01b0\u1eddng cho \u00f4ng sau n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y t\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1881 \u00f4ng g\u1eb7p th\u1ea7y m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ng\u00e0i Ramakrisha v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ch\u00e2n truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i. Ti\u1ebfp sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng du h\u00f3a kh\u1eafp \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. Trong nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i n\u00e0y \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c nhau trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. T\u1eebng \u1edf nh\u1eefng dinh th\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a vua ch\u00faa hay nh\u1eefng t\u00fap li\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5. \u00d4ng th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a giai c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, n\u00ean c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh canh t\u00e2n n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9. \u00d4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n tr\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi, h\u1ecd r\u1ea5t n\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1893 Vivekananda \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o tham d\u1ef1 H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9.Sau \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp trung t\u00e2m Vedantic \u1edf New York v\u00e0 London, v\u00e0 du h\u00e0nh di\u1ec5n thuy\u1ebft \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2y. M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i v\u1ec1 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. N\u0103m 1897 \u00f4ng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. Khi v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 Yoga. B\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, bao g\u1ed3m: Raja Yoga, Karma Yoga, Bhakti Yoga, Jnana Yoga. Ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao tinh th\u1ea7n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn phong tr\u00e0o b\u1ea5t b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Gandhi \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 t\u1eeb th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Anh. \u00d4ng c\u00f2n qua ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2y m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa v\u00e0o 1899 \u2013 1990, sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t n\u0103m 1902.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau ng\u00e0i Vivekananda th\u00ec t\u1edbi Krishnamuti (1895 \u2013 1986) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tri\u1ebft gia t\u1ea7m c\u1ee1, \u00f4ng thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n d\u1ecbch sang ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970 v\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Nguy\u1ec5n Duy C\u1ea7n v\u00ed nh\u01b0 Trang T\u1eed c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX. \u00d4ng t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c qu\u1ed1c gia hay n\u1ec1n t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o n\u00e0o. Nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u1ec1 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111i kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0: Thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u2013 t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. \u1ede g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 Yoga m\u00e0 n\u00f3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00f4ng k\u1ebf th\u1eeba Jnana Yoga v\u00e0 Raja Yoga.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau Krishnamuti c\u00f2n c\u00f3 Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh (1930 \u2013 1991) t\u00edch h\u1ee3p t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, t\u1eeb c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Krishna trong kinh Gita cho t\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Sahara, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Sufi c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3i Gi\u00e1o. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng gi\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 Ph\u1eadt Gotama, Mahavia, Ch\u00faa Jesu, L\u00e3o t\u1eed, Trang t\u1eed\u2026 \u00d4ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng thi\u1ec1n t\u00f4ng Trung Hoa t\u1eeb th\u1eddi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0i l\u1ee5c t\u1ed5 Hu\u1ec7 N\u0103ng, thi\u1ec1n L\u00e2m t\u1ebf, thi\u1ec1n T\u00e0o \u0110\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Zen c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng d\u1ea1y c\u00e1ch thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng do \u00f4ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o (th\u1eadt ra \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt k\u1ebf th\u1eeba t\u1eeb Kundalini Yoga) r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2y th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh. Hi\u1ec7n nay ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0o c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1ea3i qua c\u00e1c th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 th\u0103ng tr\u1ea7m; c\u00f3 l\u00fac l\u00ean t\u1edbi c\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec3m, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 l\u00fac suy t\u00e0n, c\u00f3 khi th\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n. Tuy v\u1eady, v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c ra \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5n h\u01b0ng ho\u1eb7c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i. Yoga c\u0169ng v\u1eady! V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX, \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX c\u00f3 ng\u00e0i Krishnamacharya, m\u1ed9t b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y Yoga l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c, ng\u00e0i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Swami Sivanand \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 cha \u0111\u1ebb c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n Yoga hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Krishnamacharya (1888 \u2013 1989): \u00f4ng sinh ra trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh Hindu ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng, cha \u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lu\u1eadn s\u01b0 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1ec1 kinh Veda, ngay t\u1eeb nh\u1ecf \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc kinh Veda t\u1eeb cha m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u1eadp Asansa c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Pramayana. \u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh qui v\u1ec1 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc Vadatan, Upanisad, to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u \u00e2m lu\u1eadt c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y s\u0129 v\u1ec1 Ayurvedic. Ayuvedic l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n y h\u1ecdc c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 n\u1ec1n y h\u1ecdc c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Hoa, T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u2026. th\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n y h\u1ecdc c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n y h\u1ecdc Ayurvedic l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t phong ph\u00fa, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i gia v\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i tinh d\u1ea7u do \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 r\u1eebng nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean sinh, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i th\u1ea3o m\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0o th\u1eddi trai tr\u1ebb, \u00f4ng c\u0169ng \u0111i kh\u1eafp \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, l\u00ean Hymalaya, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed qua T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u01a1n s\u01b0 v\u1ec1 Yoga; \u00f4ng c\u0169ng d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Patanjali v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Asana v\u00e0 Pramayana. Do \u0111\u00f3, sau n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y Hatha Yoga, \u00f4ng d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 Yoga c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n, nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c t\u01b0 th\u1ebf (Asana) k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi Pramayana (\u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00ed) v\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh (Dhyana) song song v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n y h\u1ecdc tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u Ayuvedic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1931 \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi v\u1ec1 l\u00e0m gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 d\u1ea1y Yoga t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Mysore \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem l\u00e0 c\u00e1i n\u00f4i c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n Yoga hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y Yoga n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y v\u1edbi ng\u00e0i. Trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 B.K.S Iyenga v\u00e0 Sri K.Pattabhi Jois (Pattanbhi Jois \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp Ashtanga Vinyasa Yoga). Ti\u1ebfp theo sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0n nh\u1eefng n\u0103m d\u00e0i truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y Yoga kh\u1eafp \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, ng\u00e0i t\u1eebng l\u00e0m gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Vivekananda t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1952. Ng\u00e0i m\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 n\u0103m 1989, c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Swami Sivananda, hai ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng qua ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y Yoga, nh\u01b0ng ngu\u1ed3n s\u00e1ng Yoga m\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb hai ng\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ti\u1ec3u bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a Krishnamacharya: C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a Yoga, Ti\u1ec3u lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 Asana v\u00e0 Pramayana, T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 Yoga trong vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe (s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p Ayuvedic v\u00e0 Yoga), Nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 Kundalini trong ba quy\u1ec3n: Hatha Yoga Pradipika, Gheranda Samhita v\u00e0 Shiva Samhita.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Swami Sivananda (1887 \u2013 1963): l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 Yoga l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi v\u1edbi Krishnamacharya, ng\u00e0i c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh cho nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ngh\u00e8o (ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t am t\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ec1n y h\u1ecdc Ayuvedic). Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp Vi\u1ec7n h\u00e0n l\u00e2m Yoga t\u1ea1i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. Th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 hi\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3 Vishwananda Saraswati, d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y m\u00ecnh, ng\u00e0i d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Yoga (trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta tin r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 t\u1edbi ch\u00e2n l\u00fd. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh trong m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho ph\u00e9p d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb ch\u00e2n s\u01b0; \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u1ea1nh \u0110\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Ca Di\u1ebfp \u2013 \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vishnu Devananda (1927 \u2013 1993):<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1957, \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 Swami Sivananda c\u1eed h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 Swami Vishnu Devananda truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y Yoga sang M\u1ef9. Swami Vishnu devananda c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi B.K.S Iyenga \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 hai b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 Hatha Yoga th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, hai ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf Yoga m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch khoa h\u1ecdc nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, Yoga \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n chung c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hindu. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Swami Vishnu Devananda l\u00e0 quy\u1ec3n The complete illustration book of yoga, nh\u00e0 Yoga H\u1ea3i \u00c2n bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch sang ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1: Yoga to\u00e0n th\u01b0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Sivananda Yoga t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 n\u0103m qui t\u1eafc chung c\u1ee7a Yoga:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. R\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch (asana).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Th\u1edf \u0111\u00fang, th\u1edf t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u00ed, Prana (Pranayana).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Th\u01b0 gi\u00e3n \u0111\u00fang (Savasana): th\u01b0 gi\u00e3n th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t l\u1eabn th\u01b0 gi\u00e3n tinh th\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. Ch\u1ecdn th\u1ee9c \u0103n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, khuy\u1ebfn k\u00edch h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 Yoga n\u00ean \u0103n chay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. Suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c song song v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n (th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh b\u01b0\u1edbc 1, 2, 5, 6,7).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i t\u1eadp bao g\u1ed3m: T\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1eadp (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea5ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh t\u00f4n th\u1edd ho\u1eb7c t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng bi\u1ebft \u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ed5 Yoga) \u2013 Ch\u00e0o m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u2013 Th\u01b0 gi\u00e3n \u2013 Tr\u1ed3ng chu\u1ed1i \u2013 C\u00e2y n\u1ebfn \u2013 C\u00e1i c\u00e0y \u2013 Con c\u00e1 \u2013 Th\u01b0 gi\u00e3n \u2013 C\u00fai v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u2013 ng\u1ea3 ra sau \u2013 V\u1eb7n c\u1ed9t s\u1ed1ng \u2013 T\u1eadp th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng tr\u00ean tay \u2013 T\u1eadp th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng tr\u00ean ch\u00e2n \u2013 t\u1eadp b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n \u2013 Th\u01b0 gi\u00e3n s\u00e2u \u2013 t\u1eadp b\u1ee5ng \u2013 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00ed v\u00e0 tham thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau ng\u00e0i Vishnu Devananda, nh\u1eefng m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Sivanada c\u0169ng truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y Yoga qua Cannada, Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, Ch\u00e2u Phi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c1 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 Malaysia, Singapore\u2026. Ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi mang t\u00ean Sivananda Yoga.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Song song v\u1edbi ng\u00e0i Vishnu Devananda c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ng\u00e0i B.K.S Iyengar Yoga l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0 Yoga th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Yoga t\u1eeb th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 cho t\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ebf th\u1eeba xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a Krishnamacharya \u2013 cha \u0111\u1ebb c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n Yoga th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iyengar (1918 \u2013 2014): Ng\u00e0i sinh ra trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh B\u00e0 la m\u00f4n c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p hi\u1ebfm hoi c\u1ee7a Yoga, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1edbn cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi sau (\u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng c\u00f3 BS. Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb l\u1ef1c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt). \u00d4ng b\u1ecb suy dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1eeb nh\u1ecf, l\u1ea1i s\u1ed1ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f3 d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh ho\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh, n\u00ean \u00f4ng m\u1eafc c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh: lao, s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t, s\u1ed1t th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0n\u2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1934, h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ee7 c\u01a1 duy\u00ean ch\u00ednh mu\u1ed3i, Iyengar \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc Yoga d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y ng\u00e0i Krisnamacharya, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n d\u1ea7n s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean tr\u00e1ng ki\u1ec7n. D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y, \u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c t\u01b0 th\u1ebf cao c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a Yoga. Theo l\u1eddi k\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed, v\u00e0o tu\u1ed5i 90 ng\u00e0i Iyengar v\u1eabn d\u00e0nh 3 gi\u1edd h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y t\u1eadp Asana v\u00e0 1 gi\u1edd t\u1eadp Pramayana. (Ng\u00e0i t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Time b\u1ea7u ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0 100 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u0103m 2004).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1937, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea7y m\u00ecnh c\u1eed \u0111\u1ebfn Puna \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y Yoga, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng: Krishnamurti, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt trong ho\u00e0ng gia\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1952, \u00f4ng m\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y Yoga \u1edf Anh, Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Th\u1ee5y s\u0129. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y Yoga hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y t\u1ea1i Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng lan t\u1ecfa kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1975, \u00f4ng th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n Yoga c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh T\u1ea1i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay, \u00f4ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y Yoga v\u00e0 l\u00e0m c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n cho c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n Yoga tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ea1y Yoga c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Iyengar nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u1eadp ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c t\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c h\u00edt th\u1edf t\u1ed1t trong khi gi\u1eef t\u01b0 th\u1ebf v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i g\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 ph\u00e1i Iyengar Yoga. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Hatha Yoga \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Yoga c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n, c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y c\u0169ng lu\u00f4n b\u00e1m s\u00e1t 8 t\u00e1m b\u1eadc c\u1ee7a Yoga v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Patanjali l\u00e0m kim ch\u1ec9 nam. Light on the Yoga sutra of Patanjali l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ti\u1ec3u bi\u1ec3u. Ngo\u00e0i ra ng\u00e0i Iyenga c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf Yoga nh\u01b0: Light on Pranayama, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 quy\u1ec3n Light on Yoga (\u00c1nh s\u00e1ng Yoga) l\u00e0 quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch sang ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1: Yoga to\u00e0n t\u1eadp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0i Iyengar c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 trong khi t\u1eadp Yoga. Nh\u1eefng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0: d\u00e2y, b\u1ee5c g\u1ed7, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i gh\u1ebf d\u1ef1a ho\u1eb7c gh\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee1, g\u1ed1i b\u00f4ng, t\u00fai c\u00e1t\u2026.. khi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eadp Yoga \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n, t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i b\u1ecb c\u1ee9ng kh\u1edbp, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh hay nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng. Do \u0111\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Iyengar Yoga c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Song song v\u1edbi ng\u00e0i Iyengar, ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 xu\u1ea5t ch\u00fang th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Krisnhamacharya l\u00e0 Pattanbhi Jois. \u00d4ng sinh n\u0103m (1915 \u2013 2009), h\u1ecdc Yoga t\u1eeb n\u0103m 12 tu\u1ed5i, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m th\u1eadn c\u1eadn v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u1edbi ng\u00e0i Krisnamacharya. N\u0103m 1948, \u00f4ng th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y Yoga \u1edf Mysore \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ashtanga Vinyasa Yoga, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ashtanga Yoga. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Hatha Yoga, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft th\u1eeba t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t v\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ed5co t\u00ean l\u00e0 Yoga Korunta c\u00e1ch nay kho\u1ea3ng 1.500 n\u0103m. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y c\u0169ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u00e1m giai \u0111o\u1ea1n trong Yoga Sutra c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3 Patanjali. Ashtanga Yoya bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i c\u00e1c t\u01b0 th\u1ebf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u01a1i th\u1edf t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u1eafp c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean t\u00e2m tr\u00ed, g\u1ed3m 4 b\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Vinyasa: chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0103n kh\u1edbp, nhu\u1ea7n nhuy\u1ec5n v\u1edbi h\u01a1i th\u1edf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Ujjayi Pramarana: l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 h\u01a1i th\u1edf, h\u01a1i th\u1edf chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Bandha Mudra: ni\u00eam kh\u00ed hay kh\u00f3a bao g\u1ed3m Mula Bandha: Co th\u1eaft c\u01a1 v\u00f2ng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n, c\u01a1 \u0111\u00e1y ch\u1eadu; Uddiyana Bandha: co th\u1eaft c\u00e1c c\u01a1 v\u1ee5ng b\u1ee5ng d\u01b0\u1edbi, xung quanh v\u00f9ng r\u1ed1n; Jalandhara Bandha: co th\u1eaft c\u00e1c c\u01a1 v\u00f9ng c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. Drishti: t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m. Khi t\u1eadp m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 th\u1ebf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u01a1i th\u1edf, l\u00fac gi\u1eef y\u00ean l\u1eb7ng, h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n l\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t l\u1eabn t\u00e2m tr\u00ed. Khi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf th\u1ebf N\u00fai hay t\u01b0 th\u1ebf ng\u1ed3i Hoa sen th\u00ec gi\u1eef c\u1ed9t s\u1ed1ng th\u1eb3ng \u2013 LX1 th\u1eb3ng h\u00e0ng v\u1edbi LX7 (huy\u1ec7t H\u1ed9i \u00c2m v\u00e0 B\u00e1ch H\u1ed9i th\u1eb3ng h\u00e0ng). Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1eadp trung kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y theo t\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa hai ch\u00e2n m\u00e0y \u2013 ch\u00f3p m\u0169i \u2013 r\u1ed1n \u2013 th\u00e2n b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u2013 th\u00e2n b\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u2013 l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay \u2013 ng\u00f3n tay c\u00e1i \u2013 c\u00e1c ng\u00f3n ch\u00e2n\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ea1o s\u01b0 Sivananda l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 sung m\u00e3n, vi\u1ebft g\u1ea7n 300 quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 Yoga, Swami Vishnu Devananda v\u00e0 B.K.S Iyengar c\u0169ng vi\u1ebft r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 Yoga. Nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y Pattanbi Jois ch\u1ec9 vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Yoga Mala v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1956.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0o th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 70 Ashtanga Yoga \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y t\u1ea1i B\u1ec9 v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng lan r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u r\u1ea5t th\u00edch t\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u ti\u1ebfp Ashtanga Yoga n\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00ec n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y m\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 cho r\u1eb1ng Ashtanga Yoga l\u00e0 do ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2y s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp ra! Ashtanga Yoga \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y kh\u1eafp \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 v\u00e0o ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. (Power Yoga m\u1edbi l\u00e0 do ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2y l\u1eadp ra). B\u00e0i t\u1eadp \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a Ashtanga Yoga l\u00e0 nh\u1ea3y l\u00ean, nh\u1ea3y xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadp s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a hai vai v\u00e0 c\u1ed5 tay. Th\u1ef1c ra ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb m\u00f4n v\u00f5 v\u1eadt c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9; th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, m\u00f4n th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2y c\u0169ng ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i t\u1eadp Ashtanga Yoga. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o Olympic hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 M\u1ef9 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb trong m\u00f4n Th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5. Hi\u1ec7n nay (2013), m\u00f4n Th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng h\u01a1n do c\u00f3 ba c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c Ch\u00e2u \u00c1 l\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ebfn th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 80, Pattanbhi Jois \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y Ashtanga Yoga sang M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n sang \u00dac Ch\u00e2u gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y. Su\u1ed1t 20 n\u0103m, \u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n sang M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y theo \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3. C\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Pattanbhi Jois kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 \u1edf M\u1ef9 ho\u1eb7c Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. Th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00eang c\u1ee9u Ashtanga Yoga t\u1ea1i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, t\u1eebng l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Yoga t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y khoa c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. Pattanbhi Jois m\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 n\u0103m 2009, ch\u00e1u c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Sharath Jois (sinh n\u0103m 1971) ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y Ashtanga Yoga t\u1ea1i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Krishnamachayar c\u00f2n c\u00f3 v\u00e0 Idra Devi m\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y Hatha Yoga \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf Hollywood, t\u1eeb l\u00fac n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. Nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean n\u00e0y k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh phong tr\u00e0o t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n Yoga kh\u1eafp n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau khi c\u00e1c b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 Yoga v\u00e0o M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 Hatha Yoga v\u00e0 Ashtanga<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yoga d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o Ashtanga Yoga , Sivanada Yoga v\u00e0 Iyenga Yoga \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2y x\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n th\u00eam Power Yoga. Power Yoga c\u0169ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 8 b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a Yoga c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf b\u01b0\u1edbc Asana th\u00ec th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp th\u00e0nh chu\u1ed7i (th\u1eadt ra 12 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c ch\u00e0o M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Hatha Yoga ho\u1eb7c 18 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c ch\u00e0o m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Ashtanga Yoga l\u00e0 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp chu\u1ed7i, t\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp nhau ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p nh\u1ecbp nh\u00e0ng v\u1edbi h\u01a1i th\u1edf).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y nay ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Power Yoga c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng Asana c\u1ed5, sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo nhi\u1ec1u tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u chu\u1ed7i b\u00e0i t\u1eadp r\u1ea5t phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 c\u00f2n s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra Bikram Yoga hay l\u00e0 Hot Yoga, b\u00e0i t\u1eadp c\u0169ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Hatha Yoga, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp trong m\u1ed9t c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng 40 \u0111\u1ed9 C.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

YOGA T\u1ea0I VI\u1ec6T NAM<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 giao l\u01b0u v\u0103n h\u00f3a gi\u1eefa Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi: v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 III, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y t\u1eeb c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Gotama. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Giao Ch\u1ec9. Ng\u00e0i Kh\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u0103ng H\u1ed9i, m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Gotama, \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecbch b\u1ed9 kinh An ban th\u1ee7 \u00fd (kinh qu\u00e1n ni\u1ec7m h\u01a1i th\u1edf). Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 manh nha t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u00fac k\u1ebft th\u00e0nh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh t\u1eeb l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh. M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do l\u1ecbch s\u1eed d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ed1ng gi\u1eb7c ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau ng\u00e0i Kh\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u0103ng H\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o Vi\u1ec7t Nam qua c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng thi\u1ec1n T\u1ef3 \u2013 Ny \u2013 \u0110a \u2013 L\u01b0u \u2013 Chi, thi\u1ec1n ph\u00e1i V\u00f4 Ng\u00f4n Th\u00f4ng,thi\u1ec1n ph\u00e1i Th\u1ea3o \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, thi\u1ec1n ph\u00e1i Tr\u00fac L\u00e2m Y\u00ean T\u1eed\u2026. cho t\u1edbi th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n tr\u00fac L\u00e2m Ph\u1ee5ng Ho\u00e0ng do Thi\u1ec1n S\u01b0 Th\u00edch Thanh T\u1eeb kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i Thi\u1ec1n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eddi Tr\u1ea7n. Thi\u1ec1n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 Nh\u1ea5t H\u1ea1nh n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Kh\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u0103ng H\u1ed9i. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 thi\u1ec1n ph\u00e1i L\u00e2m T\u1ebf do ng\u00e0i Nguy\u00ean Thi\u1ec1u Li\u1ec5u Qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n S\u01b0 Th\u00edch Duy L\u1ef1c truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong gi\u1edbi Y h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 hai v\u1ecb b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Yoga, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch Yoga d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a Y h\u1ecdc. Hai v\u1ecb BS n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p l\u1edbn lao cho n\u1ec1n Y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 BS.Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 BS. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

PH\u01af\u01a0NG PH\u00c1P D\u01af\u1ee0NG SINH NGUY\u1ec4N KH\u1eaeC VI\u1ec6N:<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 sau: Th\u1eddi tr\u1ebb, t\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thanh ni\u00ean kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh, th\u01b0\u1eddng hay \u0111\u00e1 b\u00f3ng, ch\u1ea1y b\u1ed9, b\u01a1i l\u1ed9i, x\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n, x\u00e0 k\u00e9p c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp. N\u0103m 27 tu\u1ed5i, v\u1edbi v\u1ed1n th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c \u1ea5y v\u00e0 m\u1ea3nh b\u1eb1ng b\u00e1c s\u0129 kh\u00f4ng ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao n\u1eb7ng. N\u1eb1m vi\u1ec7n m\u1ea5t 10 n\u0103m, l\u00ean b\u00e0n m\u1ed5 6 l\u1ea7n. L\u00fac xu\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7n, ph\u1ed5i b\u1ecb c\u1eaft h\u1ebft m\u1ed9t b\u00ean, b\u00ean c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb c\u1eaft h\u1ebft 1\/3, trong b\u1ec7nh \u00e1n ghi: thi\u1ebfu th\u1edf tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, s\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec1u l\u1eafm l\u00e0 v\u00e0i ba n\u0103m, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ebft v\u00ec b\u1ec7nh lao t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t c\u0169ng ch\u1ebft v\u00ec suy tim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c men kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00ecnh, BS Vi\u1ec7n b\u00e8n nghi\u00eang c\u1ee9u th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp Yoga, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp th\u1edf, v\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng \u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng th\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn 85 tu\u1ed5i. BS Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc vi\u1ec7n c\u00f2n th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ra b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n d\u01b0\u1ee1ng sinh \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y l\u1ea1i cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh mu\u1ed1n n\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ecfe, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, ph\u00f2ng ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i th\u1edf \u0111\u00fang \u2013 th\u1edf t\u1ed1t, \u0103n u\u1ed1ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, tinh th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i. BS.Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch th\u1edf bung c\u1ee7a Yoga, th\u00f3p b\u1ee5ng th\u1edf ra, ph\u00ecnh b\u1ee5ng h\u00edt v\u00e0o, th\u1edf ra d\u00e0i h\u01a1i h\u01a1n h\u00edt v\u00e0o. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c Yoga th\u00ec l\u1ea5y b\u00e0i Ch\u00e0o m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u00e0m b\u00e0i t\u1eadp c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n,v\u00e0 t\u1eadp nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c Yoga nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y nay ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 BS. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u1edfng, BS. Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Trong l\u00fac t\u1eadp c\u0169ng ch\u00fa \u00fd luy\u1ec7n th\u1edf v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung tinh th\u1ea7n. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f3m g\u1ecdn l\u1ea1i trong c\u00e2u: LUY\u1ec6N TH\u1ede \u2013 LUY\u1ec6N S\u1ee8C \u2013 LUY\u1ec6N TH\u1ea6N KINH!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau khi BS Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7n qua \u0111\u1eddi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ebf th\u1eeba l\u00e0 th\u1ea7y Nguy\u1ec5n Minh K\u00ednh. Th\u1ea7y K\u00ednh truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i cho c\u00f4 L\u00ea Th\u1ecb \u00c1i Li\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00f4 Li\u00ean \u0111ang gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y t\u1ea1i Cung V\u0103n H\u00f3a Lao \u0110\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1i TP. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

PH\u01af\u01a0NG PH\u00c1P D\u01af\u1ee0NG SINH NGUY\u1ec4N V\u0102N H\u01af\u1edeNG:<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1970, BS Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 64 tu\u1ed5i, b\u1ecb tai bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u n\u00e3o g\u00e2y h\u00f4n m\u00ea v\u00e0 li\u1ec7t n\u1eeda ng\u01b0\u1eddi, d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 t\u00e2y y k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n. M\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian sau t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i: Cao huy\u1ebft \u00e1p, m\u1ea5t ng\u1ee7, ti\u00eau h\u00f3a k\u00e9m, li\u1ec7t n\u1eeda ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 BS nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u01b0\u1ee1ng sinh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0a, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch luy\u1ec7n kh\u00ed c\u00f4ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00f4ng t\u00e2y y. (Trong ph\u00e9p luy\u1ec7n kh\u00ed c\u00f4ng, BS. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u00e1ch th\u1edf 4 th\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u00ea m\u00f4ng v\u00e0 gi\u01a1 ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n kinh th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p l\u1edbn lao trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadp kh\u00ed c\u00f4ng, Yoga trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00edn th\u1edf ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf thanh qu\u1ea3n).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian sau, \u00f4ng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u00ean<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u01b0\u1ee1ng sinh. T\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, c\u00e1ch t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u01b0\u1ee1ng sinh. Sau khi BS. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u1edfng qua \u0111\u1eddi th\u00ec c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng m\u1edbi g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u01b0\u1ee1ng sinh Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y t\u1ea1i khoa Y h\u1ecdc c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y \u2013 D\u01b0\u1ee3c TP.HCM do TS.BS.PGS Ph\u1ea1m Huy H\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y. T\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m 4 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. B\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. T\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. Ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u01b0\u1ee1ng sinh l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nhu\u1ea7n nhuy\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n y h\u1ecdc c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n y h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2y. Y h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i th\u00ec d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft Paplop v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ec1n y h\u1ecdc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng th\u00ec d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Trung y trong s\u00e1ch Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf n\u1ed9i kinh, h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft \u00c2m \u2013 D\u01b0\u01a1ng, h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft Ng\u0169 h\u00e0nh, h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft T\u1ea1ng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft Kinh l\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong ch\u00e2m c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 xoa b\u00f3p, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 xoa b\u00f3p. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Yoga \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t h\u00f3a c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f2n n\u1ec1n y h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u00ec k\u1ebf th\u1eeba t\u1eeb hai b\u1eadc y t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 Tu\u1ec7 T\u0129nh v\u00e0 H\u1ea3i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng L\u00e3n \u00d4ng theo t\u00f4n ch\u1ec9:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ebf tinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u00ed t\u1ed3n th\u1ea7n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thanh t\u00e2m qu\u1ea3 d\u1ee5c th\u1ee7 ch\u00e2n luy\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ho\u1eb7c:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1eef tinh, d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u00ed,t\u1ed3n th\u1ea7n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thanh t\u00e2m, ti\u1ebft d\u1ee5c, th\u1ee7 ch\u00e2n, luy\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1eadp cho kh\u00ed huy\u1ebft l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u00e2n tay \u0111i\u00eau luy\u1ec7n trong l\u00f2ng th\u1ea3nh th\u01a1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u01b0\u1ee1ng sinh Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u1edfng g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n sau:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Luy\u1ec7n th\u01b0 gi\u00e3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Th\u1edf 4 th\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u00ea m\u00f4ng v\u00e0 gi\u01a1 ch\u00e2n, th\u1edf 4 th\u1eddi trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c Yoga \u2013 ch\u00fa \u00fd m\u1edf thanh qu\u1ea3n trong th\u1eddi th\u1ee9 hai (n\u00edn th\u1edf).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 tinh th\u1ea7n t\u00edch c\u1ef1c trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. \u0102n u\u1ed1ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. T\u1eadp c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c d\u01b0\u1ee1ng sinh, v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 xoa b\u00f3p \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y kh\u00ed huy\u1ebft l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng x\u01a1 c\u1ee9ng kh\u1edbp \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. \u0110i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i h\u1ee3p l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u01b0\u01a1ng sinh Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u01b0\u1ee1ng sinh Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p h\u00e0i h\u00f2a n\u1ec1n y h\u1ecdc c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n y h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef0 TI\u1ebeP NH\u1eacN YOGA T\u1eea V\u1eca CH\u01a0N S\u01af \u1ea4N \u0110\u1ed8:<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0o th\u1eddi c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i, t\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n Nam c\u00e1c b\u1eadc s\u0129 nh\u00e2n ti\u1ec1n b\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n Yoga t\u1eeb v\u1ecb T\u00f9y vi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 qu\u00e1n \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 t\u1ea1i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n. V\u00e0o th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 50 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, t\u1ea1i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu Ch\u00e1nh, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 L\u00fd Ch\u00e1nh D\u00e2n. Tham gia kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p, kh\u00f4ng may b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ecb li\u1ec7t hai ch\u00e2n, sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 an d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1ea1i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n. V\u00e0o d\u1ecbp n\u00e0y \u00f4ng Ch\u00e1nh D\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc Yoga t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb T\u00f9y vi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u00f3a t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 qu\u00e1n \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. (Hi\u1ec7n nay ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft t\u00ean v\u00e0 n\u0103m sinh c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb t\u00f9y vi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111o\u00e1n \u00f4ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Krisnamacharya v\u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u01b0 huynh \u0111\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i Pattanbhi Jois, ng\u00e0i Iyengar\u2026.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n chuy\u00ean c\u1ea7n, c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i c\u00f2n tr\u1ebb n\u00ean kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i nhanh, \u00f4ng Ch\u00e1nh D\u00e2n kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, hai ch\u00e2n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh n\u1eefa l\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta ti\u1ebft t\u1ee5c t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ch\u00e2n truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y Yoga \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 n\u00e0y. Sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian, \u00f4ng ta t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1edf l\u1edbp d\u1ea1y l\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i CLB Tinh V\u00f5 Qu\u1eadn 5. Hi\u1ec7n nay t\u1ea1i CLB Tinh V\u00f5 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u1edbp t\u1eadp Yoga h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y do c\u00f4 Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Ho\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d4ng \u0110\u1ed7 V\u0103n Hai c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec7 r\u1ea5t gi\u1ecfi n\u1eefa l\u00e0 \u00f4ng Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u01b0ng. Th\u1ea7y Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf l\u1edbp d\u1ea1y Hatha Yoga t\u1ea1i CLB B\u1ebfn Ngh\u00e9 \u2013 Qu\u1eadn 1. CLB B\u1ebfn Ngh\u00e9 sau n\u00e0y d\u1eddi v\u1ec1 Trung t\u00e2m Th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c th\u1ec3 thao Qu\u1eadn 1 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Huy\u1ec1n Tr\u00e2n C\u00f4ng Ch\u00faa. Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n Yoga t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh, mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn r\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y nay. Tuy v\u1eady, th\u1ea7y Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u01b0ng c\u00f3 hai h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u00f9ng v\u00e0 \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng m\u00f4n sinh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Ch\u00e1nh D\u00e2n c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t gi\u1ecfi, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n gi\u1edd c\u0169ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i ngo\u00e0i 80 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u1edbp d\u1ea1y. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Ch\u00e1nh D\u00e2n l\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed7 V\u0103n Hai, l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n Yoga \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Tp. HCM tr\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c H\u1ed9i TDDS Tp. HCM d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean \u0110o\u00e0n Th\u1ec3 D\u1ee5c v\u00e0 S\u1edf V\u0103n H\u00f3a Th\u1ec3 Thao Tp.HCM (H\u1ed9i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng sinh th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u0103m 1991). Sau khi \u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed7 V\u0103n Hai h\u1ebft nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3, \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng (\u00d4ng Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u1ecdi \u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed7 V\u0103n Hai B\u1eb1ng s\u01b0 b\u00e1) l\u00ean k\u1ebf t\u1ee5c l\u00e0m tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 m\u00f4n Yoga ( kho\u1ea3ng nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 2002 \u2013 2012). N\u0103m 2014 H\u1ed9i TDDS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i tr\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c UBND v\u00e0 S\u1edf V\u0103n H\u00f3a Th\u1ec3 Thao Tp.HCM \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Chi H\u1ed9i Yoga TP. HCM, hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f4 Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Ho\u00e0i l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 T\u1ecbch Chi H\u1ed9i Yoga<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 1960 \u2013 1976, t\u1ea1i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u00f4ng Nawami t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 Yoga,trong s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 s\u00e1ch ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 200 c\u00e2u c\u00e1ch ng\u00f4n trong l\u1eddi kinh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e1i Patanjali. \u00d4ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eadp HathaYoga r\u1ed3i d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi t\u1eadp Raja Yoga. Trong ph\u1ea7n Yoga thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1ch d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Patanjali v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 kinh L\u0103ng nghi\u00eam, kinh Kim Cang, Kinh Vi\u00ean Gi\u00e1c\u2026. Ngo\u00e0i ra \u00f4ng c\u00f2n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec3n Yoga Thi\u1ec1n lu\u1eadn (th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 Du gi\u00e0 s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecba lu\u1eadn thu\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 Duy th\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1991 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 ph\u00e1i Yoga \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o Vi\u1ec7t Nam, l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ea5y t\u00ean l\u00e0 Tantra Yoga, Tantra Yoga l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 ph\u00e1i Yoga r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n song song v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 ph\u00e1i Yoga kh\u00e1c. Sau n\u00e0y h\u1ec7 ph\u00e1i Tantra Yoga t\u1ea1i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh \u201c Yoga s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac\u201d. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o quy\u1ec3n \u201c Yoga for Health\u201d c\u1ee7a Avadhutika Anandamitra Acarya thu\u1ed9c trung t\u00e2m Ananda Marga. Tantra Yoga \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01a1i nh\u01b0: H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng, Nha Trang, Tp. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1992, Tantra Yoga \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf kh\u00f3a d\u1ea1y Yoga t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n y h\u1ecdc d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Tp. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh\u2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: Yogi: Thi\u00ean H\u00e0<\/a> l T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p t\u1eeb internet<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed yoga v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 ph\u00e1i. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng Yoga l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p luy\u1ec7n th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. H\u01a1n 5.000 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n kinh c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hindu v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7501,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[123,124,111,1,5,42],"tags":[11],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7499"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7499"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7499\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7500,"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7499\/revisions\/7500"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/7501"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7499"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7499"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.yogavocuc.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7499"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}